Ethnic Cultural Capital And Intergenerational Mobility Of Ethnic Minority Families

According to the field research of 12 ethnic minority families in Jing village,this paper focuses on the relationship between ethnic cultural capital and intergenerational mobility of ethnic minority families.On the basis of cultural capital theory and social mobility theory,this paper constructs an analytical framework of the influence of ethnic cultural capital on intergenerational mobility of ethnic minority families.In accordance with the research logic of 'capital accumulation-capital interaction-capital transformation',it analyzes the differences between the families of upward mobility and the families of repeated intergenerational mobility in the process of accumulation and transformation of ethnic cultural capital,and then makes a systematic study on the influence of ethnic cultural capital on intergenerational mobility of ethnic minority families.The research suggests that the process of stock,increment and quality change of ethnic cultural capital of actors is influenced by time,space and self-quality.The first generational actors in the family often have only ethnic cultural capital stock.Under the influence of accumulated time and daily-life educational space,based on the support of their own perseverance,diligence,confidence and other excellent qualities,the second generational actors achieve the incremental development of ethnic cultural capital,and with the opportunity of the times to achieve an upward social mobility.With high investment of education and company hours,some actors of the third generation have got the nutriment of high education,they have not only gained the increment of ethnic cultural capital,but also improve the quality,achieving continue upward social mobility.And the third generational actors who lack these investments show downward social mobility,resulting in the phenomenon of repeated family social mobility.It is found that ethnic cultural capital can be transformed into social capital,economic capital and political capital.Through the effectively social capitalization and ethnic culture symbol better gathering all kinds of resources,the ethnic cultural capital can provide support for the actors to expand the social network.By participating in various market activities,people who are rich in ethnic cultural capital have gained various incentives,so as to achieve the transformation of ethnic cultural capital to economic capital,and improve their economic status.The political capitalization process of ethnic cultural capital shows the highly concern of government to the ethnic culture on the one hand,and shows the social value and political value of the people who own ethnic cultural capital,which strongly support the upward social mobility of the actors.Based on the above factors and the process of capital transformation,in the case study of the upward mobility and repeated mobility of the actors'family,it is found that there are three obvious mechanisms between ethnic cultural capital and social mobility.The first is the selection mechanism in the process of career promotion.It is found that the second generational actors with rich ethnic cultural capital do not make use of such advantages in their first job acquisition.Only in the face of career change opportunities,they achieve effective career improvement based on ethnic cultural capital,thus promoting upward social mobility.In this process,the selection effect of ethnic cultural capital is obvious.The second is the elastic supporting mechanism in the change of actor's status,which mainly shows in the effective use of ethnic cultural capital to achieve the expanding of social network,the increase of social activities,the promotion of economic status,and the obtaining of social reputation and political capital,as to achieve upward social mobility.The third is the symbol halo mechanism in the status consolidation of actors.It is based on the above process of upward social mobility,the actors have obtained a variety of resources,honors,political identities and other symbols,which provides a halo effect for the consolidation of the subsequent status,effectively protect their various interests.On the contrary,some actors who lack ethnic cultural capital cannot get the flexible support of career transformation through selection,nor can they have the multiple halos mentioned above to protect their social status,and finally there is a downward social mobility.The study shows that no matter in the period of highly centralized planned economy or after the second system reform of Chinese society in 1978,the influence of ethnic cultural capital of Jing village on the social mobility of its holder is obvious.Through intergenerational transmission within the family and education at all levels,the upper social group with more ethnic cultural capital gains higher social status or maintains its original superior class in the process of reproduction of cultural capital.The group in the lower class can achieve upward social mobility with the aid of cultural capital,get into the upper class and change their low social condition.Based on the above conclusions,four policy recommendations are put forward.Firstly,we should carry on the active policy interventions to the ethnic culture education.Secondly,we should complete the administrative and market mechanism,increase investment in the development of ethnic culture.Thirdly,we should improve the system,and strengthen the team construction of the ethnic cultural inheritors.Fourthly,we should optimize the path to enhance the value of ethnic culture.