On Feng Qi's Ethical Thought

Nihilism is not only one of the most severe accusations facing modern civilization,but also a concentrated expression of the dilemma of modern human spiritual life.The essence of the nihilism caused by modernity,is the nothingness of value.It directly presents the value vacuum as the collapse of the old value system and the failure of the new value system.And it is realistically expressed as the moral crisis of society.Therefore,nihilism is often considered to be an important source of social moral crisis.However,from a deeper perspective,nihilism is not only because modernity leads to the crisis of the collapse of the old value system,but because it dispels the value itself and makes the "value" nothing.This is the true logic of the nihilism caused by modernity.With the development of the Enlightenment,the thinking of rational and scientism are rise.It not only directly led to the loss of the sacred value authority,but also split the gap between knowledge and wisdom in modern epistemology philosophy.And it makes the issue of relationship between fact and value come out.In fact,this is Hume Problem,which has become one of the basic issues in ethical discussion in modern times.Reconstructing a reliable foundation of value or morality,or overcoming nihilism,is not only an urgent requirement for maintaining a socially realistic moral order,but also an important theoretical challenge facing contemporary ethics.The criticism of nihilism and relativism which are caused by modernity is a lasting theme hidden in FENG's philosophy.And this is FENG's important contribution to modern Chinese philosophy.In FENG's early criticism of the social problems of the times,he wrote "On Nihilism".In the article,he directly criticized the "nihilism" in the ideological circles of China during the modern revolutionary period,by combining with the modern social revolution and starting from the social values ofcommon sense.In the creation of FENG's history of philosophy and the "doctrine of wisdom",he analysis the nihilism and relativism problems caused by modernity in depth.Particularly,he focuses on exploring the relationship between nihilism and Chinese cultural traditions,putting forward that "nihilism is a disguise of dogmatism".And he criticizes deeply about the "no moral personality",which represented by "the acting nihilist".These critique of nihilism not only presents the understanding of nihilism in Chinese context,but also reflects the understanding of nihilism based on Chinese philosophy and cultural traditions.FENG's "doctrine of wisdom" focuses on exploring the relationship between knowledge and wisdom,which is the root of the problem of nihilism in modern European philosophy.It can be viewed intrinsically as a philosophical construct for nihilism.The "doctrine of wisdom" responds to the problem of nihilism in three aspects of epistemology,axiology,and personality theory.And it shows a solution to nihilism based on Chinese philosophy,Western philosophy,and Marxist philosophy.Firstly,Through the generalization of epistemology,the "doctrine of wisdom" adheres to the unity of epistemology,ontology,and value theory.In the affirmation of the objectivity of the cognitive process,it also confirms the objectivity basis of value.It inherently bridges the division between knowledge and wisdom and rejects nihilism at the root of philosophy.Secondly,based on the concept of free labor,and through the summary of the traditional Chinese philosophical value theory and the modern values revolution,FENG not only put forward the principles and characteristics of a reasonable value system,but also reasonably analyzes the value and relationship of truth,goodness,and beauty.He directly responds to nihilism of value.Finally,through the elaboration of the free personality of civilians and its cultivation methods,and by the discussion of "self-certification of virtue",FENG responds to nihilism on personality theory.These have important theoretical and practical significance for dealing with the nihilism problem facing Chinese society today.The "doctrine of wisdom" also presents FENG's ethical thought.Based on wisdom,FENG's ethics thought embodies the characteristics of the integration of axiology,epistemology and ontology,thus solving the problem of moral essence deepening the sociological argument to philosophical argument.The tendency to freedom is reflected in the fundamental pursuit of FENG's ethical thoughts.Whether it is the construction of a reasonable value system or the shaping and pursuit of individual personality,it is pursued with the goal of achieving freedom.It not only requires the realization of the ideal of a free society,but also the pursuit of the realization of a free personality.FENG's conscious about "the characteristic of free moral behavior is the unification of conscious and voluntary" transcends the limitations of general normative ethics on utilitarianism and obligation theory,which expands the discussion horizon of normative ethics.FENG talks about virtues in the sense of ontology,emphasizing moral self-certification.In which sense,it also opened a space for dialogue with contemporary moral ethics.