A Research On Yizhuan

In the Warring States period,Dao was split by scholars,and the theory of form-name was popular all over the world.Laozhuang and Confucianism criticized the theory of form-name from the Dao of heaven and human.Yizhuan inherits Laozhuang and Confucianism,consciously transcending form,establishing Dao with yin-yang,which is beyond form.Thus,Yizhuan digests the theories of the pre-Qin scholars.There are different views on Dao by the pre-Qin scholars: Laozhuang takes nature as its core,form-name school takes form-name as its core,Confucianism takes benevolence-righteousness as its core.However,Yizhuan synthesizes the theories of various scholars by the Dao of heaven-earth-human.Yin-yang is not only an objective natural law,but also infiltrates the subjective feelings and value judgment of human beings.To establish the Dao of heaven with yin-yang is to transcend the pure and objective form and make the heaven and human connected.Softness-hardness is the texture of the body of things.Softnesshardness is the essence of things,which reduces the form to the secondary attribute attached to the body.To establish the Dao of human with benevolence-righteousness,and to match it with yin-yang and softness-hardness,is to transform the laws of nature into social norms and the Dao of heaven-earth into the Dao of human.Yizhuan established the Dao of heaven-earth-human with the method of establishing the Dao,and put forward the unique method of understanding and expression.To understand Dao is to consciously establish Dao as the norm to be followed by oneself.Knowing is the beginning of understanding Dao.Different from the school of form-name with visual cognition as the core,Yizhuan reveals the limitations of visible brightness with invisible gloom,so as to transcend the limitations of visual cognition,and recognize the Dao of yin-yang as the foundation of gloom-brightness.Compared with the limitation of visual cognition,Yizhuan puts forward the method of playing.By eliminating the distance between the object and oneself,people can reach the state of "living in peace" and "playing with pleasure" when studying Zhouyi,thus transforming the external knowledge into their own ability,and integrating the theoretical knowledge into practice.The methods of knowing and playing all depend on personal experience.According to Yizhuan,yin-yang composes virtue,while hardness-softness composes body.The body of all things contains the Dao of heaven-earth.Therefore,people can understand the Dao of heaven-earth by their own body.To express Dao is to explain Dao in a way that others can understand.Dao is beyond form,so how to express Dao in the form-name becomes a problem.According to Yizhuan,Hexagram system can solve the problem of "language cannot express meaning thoroughly".By setting up hexagrams,the body of hexagram is established.The body of hexagram is composed of hexagrams and yao.The hexagrams have yin-yang,the hexagrams have hardness-softness.Therefore,the xiang can be reflected by the hexagram body.On the one hand,the xiang imitates the objective existence way of all things,on the other hand,it is the subjective feeling way of human beings.By setting up the xiang,the Dao can be expressed in the way that human beings can perceive and understand.Words of hexagrams is the interpretation of the xiang of hexagrams.According to Yizhuan,words of hexagrams can be used to judge the auspiciousness-ominous of the xiang,so as to explain the meaning and value of the Dao of yin-yang.In short,Yizhuan established the Dao of yin-yang,and constructed a series method of understanding and expression,which deeply influenced the development of Chinese philosophy.