The Study Of Jameson's Postmodernism Cultural Theory

After World War ?,the progress of science and technology brought about changes in the mode of production.Western capitalist countries seized the power of science and technology to vigorously develop capitalist economy,and the United States and other Western capitalist countries carried out global capital export.The coming of industrialized society brings the development of cultural industry to a new height.The cultural industry in western capitalist countries has developed into an industrial chain of large-scale production and sales.Capitalists not only export cultural products,but also infiltrate capitalist ideology into other countries.In such a social change,postmodernism emerges as the times require.Postmodernism has a profound impact on human history and social development,people's spiritual world and material life.How to objectively and dialectically treat the post-modernism trend of thought,how to deeply explore the essence behind the cultural change,and how to build a socialist cultural power are the problems we need to face and urgently need to solve.This paper is based on this aspect of thinking to carry out the research on Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory.First,by combing the research literature at home and abroad,we can improve the breadth and depth of understanding of Jameson's academic thought.In terms of time,the earliest research on Jameson can be traced back to the early 1980 s,when William Dowling studied Jameson's political unconsciousness.In terms of breadth,the research on Jameson at home and abroad is very rich,including: the overall research on Jameson's academic thought;The study of Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory;The study of Jameson's post Marxist theory;Research on his academic speeches and interviews in recent years.In the study of Jameson,scholars at home and abroad pay attention to both consistency and difference.The consistency lies in the study of Jameson himself and his postmodernist theory.Chinese and foreign scholars highly agree with Jameson as a postmodernist theorist;The difference is that domestic scholars pay more attention to the third world social culture in Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory.Second,Jameson draws on the theories of different schools and scholars to form a postmodernist cultural theory.Mandel's theory of capitalist periodization divides capitalism into three stages,which has a great influence on Jameson's theory of cultural periodization;Deeply influenced by Baudrillard's “illusion” theory,Jameson focuses on the utopian phenomenon in Contemporary Western capitalist countries,where the position of subject and object is exchanged,and people are deeply trapped in the “visual” world;According to Williams' three cultural theories,Jameson proposes to solve the cultural problems of postmodern society through dominant culture;Jameson tries to combine the theory of Frankfurt school with the theory of deconstruction,structuralism and semiotics to interpret the new characteristics of western culture from the perspective of society and history;Jameson highly praises the theory of psychoanalysis.He thinks that the theory of psychoanalysis is an important Hermeneutics in the real sense.The theory of political unconsciousness in Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory is influenced by Freud's psychoanalysis.Third,Jameson put forward many important academic values in the cultural theory of postmodernism.First,Jameson put forward the important conclusion that“postmodernism is the cultural logic of late capitalism”.Using the perspective of methodology of his early works and the dialectical method of Marxism,Jameson analyzes the popular cultural products in many fields,and studies the cultural issues in the historical context of the real society.At the same time,it studies the dialectical relationship between cultural issues and economic basis.This paper discusses the internal relationship between the mode of social production and cultural thoughts and ideology.Through the analysis of examples,this paper expounds the cultural characteristics of Postmodernism: the disappearance of depth,the disappearance of subject,the imitation of patchwork,the disappearance of sense of distance and the disappearance of historical consciousness.Second,Jameson's theory of cultural stages marks the formation of Jameson's postmodern cultural theory system.Starting from the development process of capitalism,according to the new characteristics of capitalism in different stages,Jameson drew on Mandel's theory of capitalist staging and put forward the theory of cultural staging.Jameson compares the three stages of cultural staging Theory: realism,modernism and postmodernism with the three stages of capitalist development: market capitalism,monopoly capitalism and late capitalism.Fourth,Jameson's Postmodern Marxist cultural criticism theory inherits and develops Marxism and endows Marxism with new characteristics of the times.Jameson reconstructs hermeneutics.He believes that cultural interpretation must follow the development of politics,economy and history,study the historical relationship among them,and then go deep into the study of the essence behind the text to explain its ideology;Mass culture theory is an important part of Jameson's postmodernism theory.He neither agrees with the absolute criticism and pessimistic judgment of mass culture,nor opposes the comprehensive pursuit of mass culture.Based on the basic viewpoint of Marxism,Jameson uses the theory that economic foundation determines superstructure to objectively evaluate mass culture.Jameson believes that the theory of mass culture,which is the coexistence of criticism and hope,is,on the one hand,the ruling class' s ideological control over the ruled class and the maintenance of social order;On the other hand,the utopian characteristics of popular culture also show the pursuit of a better life for ordinary people.The relationship between mass culture and elite culture is not either one or the other,but the infiltration of you and me.Fifth,Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory has both positive significance and historical limitations.We should dialectically treat the advantages of Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory,and also keep a clear understanding of its limitations.It not only affirms the inheritance and development of Marxism,the disclosure of the essence of cultural hegemony of Western capitalist countries,and the beneficial enlightenment to the construction of China's cultural power,but also should see the historical limitations of its theory,such as the hybridity,the disjunction between text and practice,and the insufficient analysis of the composition of mass culture.Sixth,Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory has certain enlightenment on the social and cultural construction of the third world countries,including China.The research object of Jameson's postmodernist cultural theory is not limited to the western capitalist society.He pays great attention to the cultural problems of the third world and uses “National Fable” to analyze the culture of the third world,especially literary works.As an American scholar,Jameson has a deeper understanding of the worldwide export of American culture.In the new era,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,with the core of Comrade Xi Jinping,has endowed the great historical mission of cultural construction.The proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on formulating the fourteenth five years plan for national economic and social development and the long-term goal of 2035 calls for “promoting the construction of a socialist cultural power”.How to strengthen the ideological construction,how to enhance cultural self-confidence,how to improve cultural soft power,how to tell Chinese stories well on the world stage and a series of problems put forward new thinking for Chinese scholars.Jameson's postmodern cultural theory provides a theoretical basis for Chinese scholars to better understand the social and cultural changes of late capitalism.It provides a new theoretical perspective for Chinese scholars to study the development of world culture,the integration of Chinese culture and world culture,and the trend of Chinese culture towards the world.