Free By Natur

This paper takes Zhuangzi's thought of carefree travel as the main research object,and holds that it refers to the dual freedom of individual's body and spirit.At the same time,the realization of individual freedom means the realization of life value to a certain extent;individual freedom cannot be separated from the freedom conditions provided by the society,and in the process of giving individual freedom conditions,the society has also realized "civilization transformation".The realization of individual freedom needs a transformation process from "natural man" to "self-interested man",and then to "free man".The social "civilization transformation" should realize the transformation from "material dependent society" to "human dependent society",and then to "everyone's free and comprehensive development society".Generally speaking,the two processes need to understand and make use of nature(Law),that is,"freedom because of nature",which is the deep core of Zhuangzi's thought of carefree travel.Zhuangzi's philosophical thought of "being free because of nature" can be divided into two parts: body and function."function" can be divided into two parts: the function of individual free philosophy of life and the function of political philosophy of social progress.The former answers how the individual realizes the "supreme happiness" by "fatal enjoyment",while the latter answers how the society guarantees "everyone's free and comprehensive development" and becomes the "supreme moral world" for everyone's happy life.This paper has five parts.The first part is the introduction,which mainly introduces the research status and possible breakthrough direction of Zhuangzi's philosophy.Zhuangzi research can be divided into five ways: explaining Zhuangzi with metaphysics,explaining Zhuangzi with Buddhism,explaining Zhuangzi with Confucianism,explaining Zhuangzi with western free thought and interpreting Zhuangzi with Marxist philosophy.This paper holds that we should get rid of the two rigid analytical modes of materialism and idealism and the analysis of class position,and more use the theoretical system and thinking methods of Marxist philosophy to interpret the scattered but extremely intelligent "thought flash" in Zhuangzi,and absorb the latest scientific and philosophical research results to understand the mysterious "tacit knowledge" in Zhuangzi ”,and paying attention to the restoration and development of the traditional academic evaluation mode and discourse system,returning to the Zhuangzi study itself,and "resolving Zhuangzi with Zhuangzi".These are three important aspects for Zhuangzi's research to make breakthroughs The first chapter discusses the deep structure of carefree travel.The appearing three times Kunpeng fable and the legend of gusheshan god man in carefree travel.They represent four different stages of freedom,corresponding to four different subjects and four social forms.Firstly,the chaotic subject of ignorant nature and the dependent society of human beings;secondly,the self-interest monkey subject and the dependent society of thing;and then the relatively free paoding subject and the Socialist society,finally,is the absolute free real subject and the Communist society.As a specific process,the starting point is Beiming and the ending point is Nanming,which implies the starting point and ending point of life.The starting point of life is nature,which is the road to the integration of existence and absence;the end point is nature.Only by understanding death can we obtain absolute freedom.The second chapter is about the philosophy of freedom.Zhuangzi's natural thought can be divided into four levels: natural nature,humanized nature,regular nature and Dao naturalized nature,which mainly includes three kinds of contents: truth,equality and tolerance;Zhuangzi's freedom thought can be divided into life freedom,cognition freedom,aesthetic freedom and political freedom.Zhuangzi's natural thought opens up the way for individual freedom,and at the same time,it is an important prerequisite for building an equal and free ideal society.Therefore,Zhuangzi's "nature" provides conditions for "freedom".People are free because of "nature",and society tends to be perfect because of "nature".The third chapter analyzes the internal basis of carefree travel.The first is the theory of Tao,which looks at Zhuangzi's "body of nature" from the perspective of the unity of Tao and all things and right and wrong.Then it analyzes the "use of nature" from the perspective of individual freedom and social progress.Different levels of nature determine different states of freedom,and different states of freedom constitute different life realms and social stages.The realm of life is divided into natural realm,self-interest realm,moral realm,the realm of heaven and earth.The social formation can be divided into material dependent society and human dependent society,the primary stage of everyone's free and comprehensive development(Socialist Society),and the advanced stage of everyone's free and comprehensive development(Communist society).The fourth chapter discusses the realization of free travel.From the perspective of Gongfu theory,it emphasizes three aspects: the attitude of life in peace,the way of understanding things with Tao,and the cultivation method of sitting and forgetting.Starting from Feng Youlan's thought of "old country and new life",this paper analyzes the complex relationship between Zhuangzi's thought and natural science,and the positive significance of "responding to the emperor" in social "governance".This article draws on the latest achievements of many scholars at home and abroad in the study of Chuang-tzu's thought of carefree travel.Taking the idea of carefree travel as a clue,it summarizes and interprets Chuang-tzu's philosophical thinking,and tries to help people reflect and correct the traditional views on Chuang-tzu's negative thoughts,playing and escaping from the world,anti-science,and excavating the positive factors and essence of Chuang-tzu's philosophy.The realization of happy life and the development and progress of today's society have certain enlightenment significance.