A Study On The Journalism Education In Shanghai During The Period Of The Republic Of China （1912-1949）

It has been more than a century since the beginning of China’s journalism education in the 20 th century.With the wind and rain course of nearly a century,China’s journalism education has made great achievements from scratch,from small to large,from “childish” to mature,among which journalism education in Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China（ROC）is one of the most remarkable parts of history.Shanghai journalism education marked the official beginning of Journalism Education in Chinese colleges and universities.It has created many “firsts” in history.It was very prosperous in the 1920 s and 1930 s,with a large number and various types.For a time,it led the national trend and became the “sample” of Journalism Education in China.This study focuses on the emergence and evolution of Journalism Education in Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China（1912-1949）.Taking consideration of its historical background,evolution process and implementation approach,this paper summarizes the common practice of journalism education.The research content of this paper includes the following aspects:First of all,this paper studies the historical background of the emergence and evolution of Journalism Education in Shanghai during the period of ROC,when it emerges with the prosperity of China’s modern newspaper industry,the establishment of modern education system,the spread of western journalism education in China and the prosperity of Shanghai commercial metropolis.Therefore,Shanghai Journalism education during that period has distinct features of the era and the region.Secondly,this paper studies the evolution process of Journalism Education in Shanghai during the period of the ROC,and shows its historical context,evolution process and the current situation and characteristics of Journalism Education in a chronological way with four specific periods.Phase 1: Start-up period（1912-1927）.In 1921,the Department of journalism of St.John’s University was founded,which opened the prelude to journalism education in Shanghai.From 1925 to 1926,it ushered in explosive growth,and seven journalism departments were established successively.However,on the whole,it was small in scale,small in number and simple in equipment.It mainly imitated the education model of Missouri in the United States.Phase 2: Booming period（1927-1937）.The college journalism education represented by the Journalism Department of Fudan University gradually got rid of the influence of western journalism education,put forward the training goal of cultivating urgently needed journalism talents for domestic newspapers,designed a set of curriculum system of “putting equal emphasis on theory and practice”,and established China’s college journalism education model.At this stage,Shanghai’s journalism education flourished everywhere,with its own characteristics,such as the junior college of Journalism under the rule of the people,the reporting journalism correspondence school and the Business School of Hujiang University.A total of 11 journalism education institutions were established,which witnessed the first climax of journalism education and formed the talent cultivation mode of “three dimensions”（i.e.liberal,professional,inter-disciplinary）.Phase 3: Disrupted period（1937-1945）.Owing to the Sino-Japanese war,journalism education was severely disrupted.Some journalism education institutions were forced to suspend,or transfer into deep maintains.The distinctive feature of journalism education at this stage is to carry out the training of wartime journalism talents.The Journalism Department of Fudan University moved to Chongqing owing to the Sino-Japanese War and insisted on running a school,which carried out Marxist ideological enlightenment education for students in accordance with the journalism education ideology of “promoting truth and reforming society”.Phase 4: Mature period（1945-1949）.The cause of Journalism Education in Shanghai was rapidly restored,various journalism education institutions were restored and set up one after another,the number of school running institutions increased,and the professional categories were subdivided,forming “the second climax of Journalism Education in Shanghai”,and the research on Journalism education also yielded fruitful results.Finally,based on the study of the above text,this paper summarizes and refines the historical achievements and development limitations of Shanghai journalism education,as well as its enlightenment and reference to future journalism education.First of all,historical achievements: Journalism Education in Shanghai during the period of ROC has epoch-making significance.In its evolution process of more than30 years,it has achieved many “firsts” in the field of Chinese journalism education,created a Chinese localized journalism education model with Shanghai characteristics,constructed the basic framework of journalism,and cultivated numerous talents.Secondly,historical limitations in the initial stage of development,e.g.the lack of sufficient attention to the professional ethics and moral education of journalism,the structural imbalance in the cultivation of journalism talents,and the absence of the management of the competent department of education which resulted in the failure to form a unified standard for journalism education,and particularly,the lack of deep integration between education and practice with the emergence of “journalism without learning” and “education useless” philosophies,which had a negative impact on future generations.Thirdly,enlightments: during the period of ROC,Shanghai journalism education has important practical enlightening significance for the ongoing journalism education evolution,especially for the ongoing springing up of modern vocational education,integration of industry and education,enrichment of the talent pool of “dual qualifications”,all media journalism talents,etc.Today,in the context of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics in the new era,we must adhere to the principle of “localization” and running schools independently,identify the goal,direction and orientation,and open a new chapter of journalism education with Chinese characteristics.