Study On The Entitlement System Of Marriage Immigrants In Shanghai

Marriage migration has always been an important form of Chinese women's migration.Before the reform and opening up,women's marriage migration distance is relatively short,basically in the county with a radius of 20 km.After the reform and opening up,along with China's huge economic and social changes,population migration and the growing scale of the flow,female marital migration scale and migration distance also increased significantly,the national marriage market began to form,the emergence of "inter-provincial marriage migration".Relative to the traditional marriage,inter-provincial marriage is a new marriage and family model.This is an important part of China's modern social change,but also worthy of our attention and research of new phenomena and new trends.With the large-scale emergence of inter-provincial marital immigration groups,the problem of life dilemma is gradually emerging.Use the marriage of women in Shanghai as an example,they not only have a weak foundation of marriage,marriage and family class is low,fake marriage and other domestic and international marital migration in the more common problems,and the existence of more serious lack of welfare,low employment rate,family contradictions and so on.These are the social transformation in the context of the formation of this,so the main concern of this study is: what is the institutional mechanism for the Shanghai women's marriage immigrant life plight? The main purpose of the study is,from the perspective of entitlement system,this paper explores the changes in the eligibity of marital immigration rights in Shanghai and the social system of life dilemma.At the same time enrich and sublimation entitlement theory,and further improve this theory.The research on female marital immigration is mainly from the macro and micro levels.Macro-research,reveals the trend of female marital immigration,the country or a region of the marriage migration population,population characteristics,geographical distribution and changes in-depth description and analysis,But the specific circumstances of the individual living conditions and the formation of living conditions to explain the power is not enough.Micro-research,attention to describe the female marriage immigrants after the migration of life experience and living conditions,but ignored the group in which the system of cultural environment.In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing research,this study tries to discuss and analyze the influence of the social system of female marital immigration groups on their individual living conditions and living conditions.There are still several shortcomings in the study of urban migration: Firstly,domestic and international mainstream urban immigration literature,as well as policy discussions,still argue that migrants are predominantly male and still tend to adopt immigration models based on male experience,Urban migrant women as migrants,laborers and dependents,their special needs and vulnerabilities are not fully understood.Secondly,the study of two urban migrants is based on a single labor migration,and there are few studies on other types of immigrants such as marriage immigrants.Finally,although it is also concerned with the identity of the rights of urban migrants,but mainly to stay in the "civil rights","social rights" a single level,not a comprehensive three-dimensional multi-level to reveal the plight of urban immigration dilemma.Life dilemma can be seen as a serious loss of basic ability,which is related to the inadequacy of a series of different rights.Put the life dilemma in the entitlement system to explain,which is conducive to the life dilemma with political,legal,institutional and other social factors.Put the life dilemma in the entitlement system to explain also help to break through the limitations of a single perspective.Therefore,this study will analyze the life dilemma of marital immigration in Shanghai from the persperctive of the rights structure and the entitlement theory.The famous Malthusian theory explains the causes of famine by declining food supplies,believing that famine is due to population growth and food supply failures.Sen challenged the causal relationship of this theory with empirical evidence.Sen's theory of entitlement highlights the impact of the distribution of power on famine,successfully explaining the reasons why famine will still occur,although there is no significant decline in food supply.Amartya Sen's rights theory emphasizes the legal rights,which is laws,regulations and other formal rights.If the formal system entitlement,whether right poverty happen or not? We find that there are still many unknow explanation in experience level.For example,the inheritance law clearly stipulates that men and women have equal inheritance rights,and why is most of the inheritance of the son.Another example,policy give rights to women who are marriage migrants in Shanghai,why their lives are still facing difficulities?Tracing the source,Sen's theory is rooted in the social contract theory,which only works in the field of formal rights within the relationship of national citizenship,thus missing informal and non-state effects.The result is this concise framework,emphasizing the formal institutional factors,excluding the informal institutional factors;attention to the national factors but ruled out the market and family factors.So Sen's theory of entitlement can only illuminate a small part of a complex phenomenon.Facing the limitations of existing research,according to the field survey found,and inspired by Amartya Sen,this study proposed the "entitlement system" theory.This study explores the plight of urban migrants from the three aspects of social rights,property rights and labor rights,which are used by the three empowering subjects of the state,the family and the market by using the welfare triangle theory framework.Firstly,the entitlement system tells us that the dilemma of marital immigration in Shanghai is rooted in poverty,poverty of labor rights and impoverishment of property rights caused by insufficient empowerment in transition countries,families and markets.Secondly,people not only from the formal system to obtain right,but also from the informal system to obtain the right bundle.When informal rights conflict with formal rights,informal conferred by informal institutions such as customs and moral values reduce the validity of formal rights.