Top-level Design Under The Perspective Of The Modernization Of State Governance

The “Four Comprehensives” Strategic Blueprint is the combined embodiment of governance strategic blueprint after 18 th CPC national congress,and is also the general principle of China`s current development.From the perspective of Public Administration,the modernization of state governance is the core of the blueprint.Based on the discipline consciousness of public administration,the dissertation is aimed to study the relations between the “Four Comprehensives” strategic blueprint and the modernization of state governance with the methods of normative study such as literature analysis,document analysis,qualitative and quantitative methods.The dissertation is supposed to illustrate how the “Four Comprehensives” strategic blueprint answers the basic theoretical propositions of “achieve what kind of state governance” and “how to implement state governance” so as to enrich the scientific connotation of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic blueprint and deepen the understanding of China`s new reform of governance.Governance is a concept borrowed from foreign countries.There are several characteristics of “governance” in western governance theories: multiple governance subjects rather than single governance subject,governing rather than ruling,flat governance structure rather than vertical governance structure and competitive rather than monopoly supply mechanism of public goods.The rise of Governance Theory is supposed to resolve government crisis caused by social welfare expansion at modern industrial democracy countries in the west.Such ideas as denationalization,polycentrity,flattening and competitive mechanism proposed by the Governance Theory are more suitable for modern industrial democracy countries in the west.Emphasis on denationalization and decentralization without considering the actual situation will probably cause governance failure.There are several basic orientations for China`s modernization of state governance.China`s modernization of state governance has both similarities and essential differences with western Governance Theory regarding to governance structure.As for the similarities,China`s modernization of state governance also pays attention to the governance structure and network of benign interaction among state,market,society and individual.As for the differences,China`s modernization of state governance emphasizes on the governance structure which state,party and government remaining central and leading place.The core of modernization of state governance is institutional improvement and innovation,which reflects the demand of China`s political modernization.Top-level Design refers to make general strategic planning on specific object from top to bottom with methods of system theory.Top-level Design should be equipped with specific aim,path and resource.The “Top-level Design” in this dissertation is the top-level design for China`s reform which is actually the top-level design for institutional reform and modernization of state governance.Therefore,“Four Comprehensives” Strategic Blueprint is characterized by distinctive attributes of toplevel design.Comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society and modernization of state governance are two synchronic aims.The connotation of moderate prosperity has expanded from focusing on improvement of quality of life to achieving political,economical,cultural,social and ecological development of the state.Perfecting state governance system and enhancing state governance capacity are components of the aim of comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society.The scarcity of governance resources is a basic dilemma in China`s state governance.The achievement of comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society is supposed to provide imperative resource base for modernization of state governance and is the fundamental embodiment of state governance performance in the meantime.The goals of state governance system and modernization of governance capacity proposed by Comprehensively Deepening Reform are the concentrated reflection of state governance implication in the “Four Comprehensives” strategic blueprint.It contains dual modernization of governance system and governance capacity,which lists both governance and development as core ideas of national progress and reform as means of achieving modernization of state governance.The structure of modernization of state governance contains seven aspects: reform of economic system,reform of political system,reform of cultural system,reform of social system,ecological civilization system,national defense and army building and reform of construction system of the Communist Party of China.From the political perspective,it is imperative to construct modern government which corresponds with reform of economic system.We can only resolve main contradiction of market-oriented reform and construct modern market system by normalizing functions of central and local governments and clarifying the boundaries among government and market,enterprise and society.The modernization of state governance relies on comprehensively implementing the rule of law.As the foundation of construction of modern market system,rule of law is basic mode of state governance and Communist Party of China`s strategic option for long-term governance.Served as strategy of running a state,China`s rule of law construction had undergone the controversy between “rule of man” and “rule of law” and then controversy between “rule by law” and “rule of law”.The core of modernization transformation of state governance is to improve state governance structure by democracy and rule of law and to function through structure optimization so as to achieve the legalization of state governance.Communist Party of China`s governance by law is the key of legalization of state governance.As for the manner,the ruling party should execute power in the lights of law in organs of state power and balance the relations among party power,executive power and legislative power.As for the object,emphasis should be laid on restricting the power of leading cadres(“critical minority”)through institutional construction.It is essential to make reasonable assumption of human nature in the course of institutional design and to supervise the overall process of power operation.Comprehensively strengthening Party discipline is imperative to the transformation of ruling party in the course of modernization of state governance.As the proposer and implementer of the modernization of state governance,the Communist Party of China`s understanding and proposition towards the modernization of state governance decide the speed,boundary,path,sequence and schedule.Meanwhile,there are two key elements for China`s modernization of state governance: scientific definition of the governance status and boundary of Communist Party of China in different fields and institutional construction to promote modernization transformation of ruling party`s governance in some respects such as leadership style,governing style,leadership system,organization structure and operational mode.Currently,the major dilemma for ruling party governance is lagging institutional construction which restricts the modernization transformation of ruling party.Considering party as jointing spot between state and society during the modernization transformation of ruling party,the dissertation attempts to decompose the Communist Party of China`s role on different levels into leader in political process,dominant decision maker in policy process and server in social development.Through institutional construction,a closed-cycle of governance can be formed to provide institutionalized participation and expression channel for people in fields of political process,policy process and social development,which will gradually be transformed into political identification to strengthen the foundation for the long-term governance of Communist Party of China.In conclusion,institutional civilization is the ruler of human civilization.Human civilization cannot be sustainable without the core support of system mode.The modernization of state governance with mature institutional system as core proposed by “Four Comprehensives” Strategic Blueprint is the important result of China`s quest for governance law,which illustrate Chinese experience for other countries in the world and enrich the diversity of institutions for human civilization.During the construction of China`s institutional system,we should handle the relations between fundamental institution and concrete institution,the relation between universality and particularity of institutional development,the relations between confidence and introspection in political system and the relations between top-level design and muddling through.