A Review Of The Development Process Of Socialist Theory In China From 1949 To 1978

The practice of China's socialist construction from 1949 to 1978 is the objective historical premise of reform and opening up.It is from this objective historical premise that the reform and opening up has broken through and renewed the traditional socialist model and created socialism with Chinese characteristics.A comprehensive and systematic review of the development process of China's socialist theory from 1949 to 1978 is conducive to a correct understanding of the relationship between the two historical periods before and after the reform and opening up,and a thorough understanding of the history and trend of socialism with Chinese characteristics.This paper mainly has three tasks: first,A careful examination of the historical period,China in the socialist practice of the main theoretical views of the original;Second,to explore the causes and trajectories of the evolution of various socialist theories;Third,make a brief analysis of the success and failure of different stages,and draw some basic conclusions.This paper is divided into six parts.The first five chapters mainly comb the development process of Chinese socialist theory in this historical period,and the last part of the conclusion tries to outline its basic outline on the basis of previous combing.Chapter one,transition to socialism.After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,the first question the communist party faced was: how to make the transition to socialism after seizing political power? In terms of the process,this transformation can be broadly divided into two stages: the first stage was the construction of new democracy from 1949 to 1952 in accordance with the requirements of the common program of the Chinese people's political consultative conference;The second stage,from 1953 to 1956,was the transition to socialism under the guidance of the party's general line during the transitional period.From the result,the communist party of China led the people to realize the historic transformation from new democracy to socialism.However,this transformation process also has shortcomings and deviations,leaving two major problems,one is the excessive pursuit of the form of ownership of the single,the second is the formation of a highly centralized planned economy system.The second chapter is the preliminary exploration taking Su as a mirror.In 1956,China basically completed the socialist transformation of the private ownership of the means of production and established a socialist system based on the socialist model of the Soviet union,but at the same time it caught up with the whole socialist camp to reform the Soviet socialist model.At such a crossroads in history,the question for the Chinese communist party is: What to do with the Soviet socialist model? In his Ten Major Relationships,Mao Zedong put forward the important judgment that "taking the Soviet union as a mirror,we should follow our own path".Starting from Ten Major Relationships,the communist party of China has made preliminary explorations in the aspects of socialist development strategy,economic system and democratic politics.Chapter three,the tortuous exploration of the comprehensive construction of socialism.1957 was the first year of the comprehensive construction of socialism,but also a year of drastic changes,the "left" deviation began to rise,and the socialist exploration took a detour.At this point,the communist party of China is facing the question: what to do with the twists and turns,can return to the right track up? In fact,the development process of "left" deviation is also a process of discovering problems and deepening understanding.In the process of correcting "left" deviation,the CPC has put forward many important theoretical views.On the whole,during this period,although the party and the people failed to prevent the "left" wrong to continue to develop,but China's socialist construction is still in the twists and turns forward.Chapter Four,the decade of the "Cultural Revolution".In 1966,Mao Zedong launched the "Cultural Revolution",whose aim was to pursue the ideal of perfect socialism,but the result was to lead Chinese socialism astray.The "Cultural Revolution" is different from the period of the "Cultural Revolution".The development of certain aspects during the "Cultural Revolution" does not mean the affirmation of the "Cultural Revolution".Facts have proved that "the theory of continuing the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat" does not conform to either Marxism-Leninism or China's reality.The "Cultural Revolution" is not a revolution or social progress in any sense,its harm is comprehensive and serious,and the lessons left are extremely painful.Chapter five,the great turning point in the wandering.After crushing “the gang of four” in 1976,the Chinese Communist Party was faced with the urgent question of where to go,whether China should continue to persist in its "left" deviation or resolutely correct its "left" deviation? The actual situation is that,on the one hand,the "left" deviation in the guiding ideology is still continuing,and the "two whatever's" policy is put forward;On the other hand,the party and outside of the correction of the "left" in the "cultural revolution" error is also increasingly urgent.In view of the "two whatever's" policy,Deng Xiaoping creatively proposed to "fully and accurately understand Mao Zedong Thought",which greatly promoted the discussion on the criterion of truth.At the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee of the communist party of China(CPC)in December 1978,the party rejected the policy of "two whatever's" and shifted the focus of the work of the party and the state to economic development,thus achieving a great turning point in the party's historyConclusion: the basic outline of Chinese socialist theory from 1949 to 1978.By combing the development process of Chinese socialist theory from 1949 to 1978,the basic outline is outlined.In a nutshell,it is around a theme,present two trends,identify three changes,draw a conclusion.Specifically,around "a theme," It refers to all kinds of socialism theories produced in China in this period.The main content of the research is around the question of "how to build socialism in China with backward economy and culture".Presenting "two trends" means that in the process of exploring this theme,the communist party of China should,on the one hand,take into account the theory and build socialism from the "existing ideological materials";On the other hand,we should also take care of the reality and build socialism from the "economic facts of China".Define the "three transformations",it means that in the struggle between the "two trends" of theory and reality,the Communist Party of China has gradually defined the "three changes" from ideal to reality,from emphasis on changing the Relations of production to focus on developing the productive forces,and from closure to opening up.To draw "one conclusion" means that the Communist Party of China,after a long period of exploration,has been constantly summing up experience in the struggle against "two trends" and on the basis of "three transformations",and has come to a basic conclusion that it should "follow its own path and build socialism with Chinese characteristics".