Research On Marx's Thought Of Justice

In the research on justice issues in domestic and foreign academic circles,"Marx and justice" has always been an important issue discussed by people.There are many disputes among scholars on the issue of Marx and justice.The important cause of the dispute lies in the degree of excavation of Marx's justice thought materials and the different analytical perspectives.Based on Marx's text,this article attempts to reveal the theoretical picture of Marx's justice thought from the perspective of Marxism as a whole,and demonstrate the unique charm of Marx's justice thought.First of all,from the two aspects of theoretical origin and development track,the article analyzes the development history of Marx's justice thought and summarizes the basic connotation of Marx's justice thought.Marx's thoughts on justice were deeply influenced by thinkers in the past.Their thoughts not only brought enlightenment to Marx,but also became the object of Marx's reflection.Marx's thought of justice has experienced three stages: germination,formation,and deepening,and its development track is closely connected with the formation process of Marx's historical materialism.It can be said that Marx constructed the theoretical picture of justice thought from the overall perspective of historical materialism.Marx's justice thought opened up a new paradigm for studying justice: justice for “real people”,justice under a certain mode of production,and justice for “all-round free development of people”.In Marx's view,justice is people's subjective understanding of objective social relations in practical activities.It is subject to specific material production methods and ultimately points to the full and free development of people.Secondly,in the justice of "real people",the logical starting point of Marx's justice thought is different from the starting point of many justice theorists in the past.Many justice theorists in the West tend to talk about justice as an abstract and empty whole human being,which is filled with philosophical fantasy.But Marx tends to put people on the basis of reality and study justice from the perspective of “real people”.He intends to change the practice of “positioning the subject of justice as the object of abstraction of the essence of man”.Through the establishment of the connotation of Marx's concept of "realistic man",he not only revealed the prescriptive nature of the subject of justice,but also found that according to the different dimensions of "realistic man",Marx criticized the capitalist social relationship in the framework of the capitalist class.The dominant justice subject explored the class antagonism caused by the division of labor and class exploitation,and finally affirmed that the subject seeking social justice behaves as a revolutionary proletariat."Realistic man" is not only an existence with class attributes,but also a "realistic man" is a person living under a certain mode of production.This will destined that justice with "realistic man" as the main body has its own "Survival Context".And with the turn of justice,Marx finally established justice under a specific mode of production.The specific performance is: Marx took the capital logic movement as the main entry point,not only exposed the "subjectivity" status of capital in operation,but also discovered the hidden capital logic of capital's absolute dominance over labor,and then Marx's influence on capitalism The substantive injustice of each link in the production process was criticized.In Marx's perspective,his exposition of justice is not limited to the criticism of capitalist society,but is intended to construct a just society with the purport of "the full and free development of human beings" through the criticism of the capitalist mode of production..In this sense,Marx's realization of the ideal of justice and his understanding of justice are no longer in the general interpretation framework of predecessors' justice thoughts,that is,“deserved justice” with contractual relations and rights as the core,but Based on "human society",justice is explained from a transcendental perspective.He advocated the abolition of private ownership,the realization of labor freedom,and the improvement of the labor product distribution system to complete the replacement of transcendental justice and corresponding justice.Thirdly,the article is based on the new paradigm as a whole,and further fully demonstrates Marx's unique face of justice from the basic attributes and other aspects.The historical materialism and the methodological basis of material production not only clarify the connection between justice and interest distribution,the actual economic situation and even the mode of production,but also convey to us that it is from Marx's thoughts that focus on material production.Draw the scientific conclusion that "production determines distribution";historicality and class nature,as the basic attributes of justice,indirectly give us a deeper understanding of justice in Marx's vision: our knowledge of Marx's justice requires not only ownership and The contractual relationship is considered from the angle of consideration,and it also needs to be based on the "human society" and examined from the perspective of transcendence.Thirdly,the article analyzes contemporary liberals and the response of Analytical Marxism to Marx's thoughts of justice.When analyzing contemporary liberals,I mainly select the justice thoughts of the two representatives of Rawls and Hayek.On the one hand,he pointed out Rawls' absorption and criticism of Marx's justice thoughts,objectively from the perspective of thinking paradigm and research.And the value background points out the reasons for the different justice thoughts between the two;on the other hand,through Hayek's triple challenge to Marx's justice thoughts and his response from the perspective of “distributive justice”,it points out that Hayek and Marx's intercommunication and Marx's distributive justice The difference.In addition,when expounding and analyzing the Marxist school's controversy on Marx's thoughts of justice,the article pointed out that on the issue of “Marx and justice”,the “opposition” represented by Wood and the “approval” represented by Husami The analysis method lacks dialectics,so its understanding is also one-sided.Finally,my country is currently in the primary stage of socialism.In the face of the background of inadequate development of productive forces,complicated interest structures,and diversified interest subjects at this stage,we need to take a correct view of the fairness and justice issues that our country is facing at this stage.Some issues such as normative issues that have emerged in the modernization drive completely negate my country's socialist construction practice.In addition,we have to face up to the revelations made by Marx's justice thoughts in our thinking about realistic justice issues: on the one hand,while inheriting Marx's justice thought,we must not only adhere to the guiding value pursuit,but also pay attention to the reasonable thinking of realistic justice,that is,we must not abandon its value to China's construction because of the transcendence of Marx's justice thought.Leading role,we need to effectively play its positive guiding role in China's socialist construction between transcendence and reality;on the other hand,in the new era,we not only need to insist on the people It is the central idea of fairness and justice,and it is necessary to adhere to Marx's theory of "production determines distribution",and further promote the realization of fairness and justice by improving the ownership structure and promoting the adjustment of distribution relations through economic system reforms.