| The national high-tech zone undertakes the task of national innovation-driven development,which plays the role as an important space carrier for the implementation of the national innovation strategy,and the main battlefield of high-tech innovation and its industrialization.Our country's national high-tech zone,lasting for more than 30 years of development,has being made remarkable successes in scientific and technological innovation,so that its important position of leading the country's economic innovation and development has begun to appear and gradually strengthened.The science and technology innovation policy of the national high-tech zone has accelerated this process,and also provide sufficient impetus for the high-tech zone to clarify the direction of innovation,gather innovative resources,and optimize the industrial structure.However,with the increasingly severe external challenges such as global technological reform and national economic transformation,as well as internal problems such as increasing resource and environmental constraints and insufficient new growth momentum,the advantages of the national high-tech zone in science and technology innovation policies have been gradually weakened,so that there is still a clear gap in the actual demand for innovation and development.Under the current circumstance of the transformation and upgrading of national high-tech zones,that a comprehensive and systematic investigation of the how the technological innovation policies exert impact on the innovation efficiency of high-tech zones will help to correctly understand the functions of technological innovation policies on innovation efficiency and promoting the integration of technological innovation and policy systems.Based on theoretical analysis,this research establishes a mechanism for policy influencing innovation efficiency,conducting quantification of scientific and technological innovation policy and innovation efficiency measurement,which deeply analyzes the influencing factors and policy mechanism of innovation efficiency in high-tech zones.In view of the key issues in the evolution of the national high-tech zone's science and technology innovation policy,this research,using keyword extraction and policy measurement methods,conducts thematic evolution and quantitative research on the national high-tech zone's science and technology innovation policy.In view of the key issues of the environmental impact factors of the national high-tech zone's innovation efficiency,this research,using DEA and the Malmquist index method,measures the innovation efficiency of China's national high-tech zones and analyzes the factors affecting the urban environment.In view of the core issue of how the science and technology innovation policies of national high-tech zone affect innovation efficiency,this research establishes a measurement model to empirically analyze the mechanism of scientific and technological innovation policies affecting innovation efficiency.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,through the study of the evolution and measurement of the science and technology innovation policy of the national high-tech zone,this thesis found that the national science and technology innovation policy theme has gone through four stages:basic policy,high-level element policy,direction evaluation policy,and transformation-quality improvement policy.They have obvious characteristics of the times.Supply-oriented policies and environmental policies are the main policy tools used by governments at all levels to promote the innovation of high-tech zones.Among the national policy tools,supply-oriented policies are higher than other types of policies in terms of the number of policies,total policy effectiveness,and average effectiveness.Among the policy tools,the number and effectiveness of environmental policy tools are the most prominent.The focus of setting policy objectives has changed from the national to the local,and the national science and technology innovation policy objectives have declined significantly,while the local government high-tech zone technology innovation policy objectives have gradually increased.Secondly,this research,focusing on the innovation efficiency of national high-tech zone,finds that the overall level of innovation efficiency of China's national high-tech zone is not high,and the average of pure technical efficiency is slightly higher than the average of scale efficiency.What's more,in a long period of time,the comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency will all show a fluctuating upward trend.Additionally,the positive growth of technological efficiency changes in high-tech zones has promoted the rise of total factor productivity.Urban environmental factors make differences on comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency,and the specific effects on each aspect are quite different.What worth mentioning is that,the positive effect of urban environmental factors on pure technical efficiency is general,but generally significant positive on scale efficiency.Thirdly,this research did an empirical analysis on the impact of science and technology innovation policy on the innovation efficiency of high-tech zone,which shows that the policy objectives exert feeble effect on innovation efficiency,and supply-oriented policies,together with environmental policies,has positive effects on innovation efficiency,while demand-oriented policies have both positive and negative significant effects.The time lag of science and technology innovation policy on comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency is larger than that on pure technical efficiency.It is obvious that the policy level heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity of science and technology innovation policy influence on innovation efficiency of high-tech zone.The analysis of mediating effect shows that talent agglomeration,enterprise agglomeration and industrial agglomeration are the main factors in the process of technological innovation policy influencing innovation efficiency.What matters is that,talent agglomeration and industrial agglomeration play a positive role in the process of the impact of science and technology innovation policy on comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.Relatively,enterprise agglomeration plays a weak role in mediating various types of efficiency.According to the above research conclusions,considering the innovation efficiency and policy status of national high-tech zone,to improve the innovation efficiency of high-tech zone further,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.The government should improve the urban innovation environment by expanding the level of opening to the outside world and optimizing the financial expenditure on science and technology.The government should improve the innovation policy system from the classification of policy objectives,optimize and improve the policy tools,so that it can strengthen the policy effect of innovation in high-tech zone continuously.The government should also strengthen the policy guidance of premium talents,technology enterprises and high-tech technology industry agglomeration and other aspects to assure the policy mechanism function for the sake of enhancing the agglomeration effect of high-tech zone innovation. |
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