Research On The Government Function In The Process Of High Quality And Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education

For a long time,improving and protecting people's livelihood work has always been the fundamental starting point and goal of the party and the government.People's livelihood issues present a progressive state from low to high three levels: basic livelihood status,basic development opportunities and development capabilities,and social welfare status above the basic survival line.As the bottom line of the basic livelihood of the people,compulsory education has gone from popularization to basic equilibrium,and is currently at a critical stage of striding forward to a high-quality and balanced development.From the perspective of the basic attributes of compulsory education such as public welfare and the main role of government functions in solving market failures and promoting fairness,promoting the development of compulsory education and achieving a high-quality balance of compulsory education are important undertakings that government functions should guarantee and promote.From the existing theoretical research,from the perspective of pedagogy,there are many studies on the balanced development of compulsory education,and great progress has been made on the empirical level such as the construction of balanced system indicators.However,from the perspective of political science,The research on the high-quality balance of compulsory education and the government functions in the high-quality balance is not deep enough,and even the basic concept and category system have not been formed.Based on this,this article cuts in from the perspective of political science,and first conducts theoretical research on government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,trying to construct a basic political theory framework system about government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.Secondly,on the basis of the construction of the theoretical framework,the historical and empirical investigation and analysis of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of China's compulsory education are carried out.On the basis of summarizing the difficulties and development ideas,the government functions in the development of foreign compulsory education are also analyzed.The practical efforts and effects of China's compulsory education are sorted out,and then suggestions for optimization of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of China's compulsory education are put forward.Based on the above ideas,the research of this article is carried out from two paths.The first path: to construct a political research system for the study of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.First of all,this article puts forward the three basic political dimensions of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,namely,government power(reflected by government functions),the right to education(reflected by subject rights in the development of compulsory education),and two The positive connection between the people.Then it explains in depth the modern governance theory,the theory of responsible government,the theory of service-oriented government,the theory of government by law,and the application of the theory in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.In general,it clarifies what government functions should have in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.The four political attributes are modernity,responsibility,service and rule of law.Secondly,after constructing the overall conceptual system,this article traces the history of the trajectory of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.Since compulsory education in most regions is in the transition stage from basic equilibrium to high-quality equilibrium,the historical retrospective is mainly divided into two stages: basic equilibrium and high-quality equilibrium.The historical retrospect of the basic equilibrium stage From the budding period,the advancing period and the target period of the balanced development of compulsory education,the historical retrospective perspective of the high-quality equilibrium stage starts from the relatively complete area of compulsory education's high-quality balanced development and promotion system construction to examine its government functions And action in promoting the development of compulsory education.Finally,in the continuous evolution of government functions,this article summarizes the basic logic of its evolution.The logical starting point is to seek a common value orientation between politics and education,including the re-division of government and social functions and the replacement of the power discourse system with a standardized governance system.The logical direction is to realize the rational and orderly performance of government functions by improving the division of government functions and strengthening the vertical management of the government sequence.The logical theme is to realize "returning to the people" and realize the benign interaction between government functions and the needs of the people.In addition,I have also summarized experience from the historical investigation of government functions,and have seen the paradoxical and realistic relationships at different levels,including the balance and development in the context of the same recruitment of "citizens",and the evaluation criteria for high-quality and balanced compulsory education.Furthermore,based on the analysis of the problems and dilemmas from multiple perspectives,it puts forward a reflection on government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,including the lack of the central government's functional perspective and the self-protection of local government's functional actions.Re-examination of "good governance" and in-depth consideration of the construction of democratic decision-making mechanisms.The second path: research,analysis and comparative analysis of the establishment and performance of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of China's compulsory education is a practical investigation from different perspectives.First of all,in the research and analysis,according to the regional economic development level and the evaluation of compulsory education,four cities with different locations,including Shanghai,Tianjin,Changchun and Guiyang,and the progress of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education are selected.Questionnaire surveys and interviews are conducted.The combination of investigation and research conducted a realistic inspection of different aspects of government functions in the current process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.Based on the current situation of the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,a questionnaire survey was conducted for teachers and parents,and interviews and surveys were conducted for government officials and heads of compulsory education schools on the specific content of policies and functions.In terms of realistic demands in the process of balanced development,interviews and surveys were conducted on the subjects of compulsory education,students,and parents.Through the summary and analysis of the survey feedback results,the positive role of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the existing micro-issues are summarized.Secondly,in the comparative analysis,three countries outside the region,Finland,the United States,and the United Kingdom,which have slightly different levels of development in compulsory education,but are generally in a good development trend,are selected through their government's role in the development of compulsory education.The different focuses,such as the central government-led type in Finland,the local government-led type in the United States,and the independent supervised compulsory education development model of the British government,provide an effective reference for the optimization of the function of the Chinese government in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.Finally,on the basis of combining the above two paths,it puts forward suggestions for optimizing the path of government functions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education in my country.Specifically from five dimensions.One is to adjust and summarize the division of functions of governments at all levels in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,and clarify the key content of the functions of governments at all levels.The rational guidance and scientific planning in the functions of the central government should be highlighted,guiding the people to correctly understand the core values of the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,guiding the good interaction between governments at all levels and society,scientific planning to improve the admission standards of teachers in compulsory education,and Explore the possibility of including teachers in the unified management of the national civil service system,scientifically plan the coordinated development of urban and rural compulsory education,attach importance to the construction of the "hematopoietic mechanism" for economic development in rural areas,and activate the endogenous power of independent development in rural areas.It is necessary to strengthen policy implementation and system planning in the functions of provincial governments,pay attention to the compatibility and effectiveness of national policies in local applications,pay attention to the structural adjustment of the functions of governments at and below the provincial level,and promote the correspondence and attention of all levels of government's financial and administrative powers.The resource cooperation and synergy of the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education among provincial governments complement each other.Strengthen the information collection and trend analysis in the functions of the municipal government,pay attention to the collection of various types of compulsory education development information,and conduct trend analysis,to become an information transmitter for the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,to provide development ideas upwards and downwards Practical information and feedback related to development layout and adjustment.Highlight the innovative development and layout optimization of the county-level government functions,pay attention to the cooperative innovation of the compulsory education school model,pay attention to the reasonable planning of the development and layout of compulsory education schools,and pay attention to the protection of the enrollment of disadvantaged groups such as children with migrants.In the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,governments at all levels not only need to actively develop social security functions,but also need to make certain adjustments to fiscal functions.The financial security functions related to the development of rural compulsory education,such as human resources,hardware facilities,and living security,will be moved up,and the central government and provincial governments will be responsible for proportionally.While reducing the financial pressure of local governments,the mechanism is further rationalized.,Enhanced effectiveness.The municipal government undertakes the differential subsidy of teachers' salary performance within the city area,which can effectively alleviate the problem of frequent teacher turnover caused by the regional salary gap.The county-level government bears the per-student expenditures of the existing compulsory education schools in the region and the various expenditures of the new compulsory education schools,and coordinates the government's expenditures for purchasing compulsory education services in the region.The second is to promote the effective improvement of the coordinated governance mechanism of compulsory education by clearly defining the functions of various departments in the development of compulsory education.When it comes to specific issues in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,education functional departments such as the Office of Culture and Education,Education Commission,and Bureau of Education should be given relatively concentrated coordination and deployment authority.Other functional departments,such as development and reform,industry and commerce,organization and publicity,human resources,social Rural revitalization and development,public security and other departments effectively cooperate and advance in coordination to achieve efficient operation of all links in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.At the same time,we should correctly guide social forces to participate in compulsory education in coordination,expand the scope of supply of high-quality compulsory education resources,and jointly promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education from multiple perspectives.The third is to realize the effective use of relevant policy tools for compulsory education under the leadership of the government through the discussion of good governance and rational thinking.In the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,policy tools can be mainly divided into socialization tools,which have flexible features,propaganda tools,guiding features,institutional tools,normative features,incentive tools,and effective feature.Governments at all levels should comprehensively consider the selection and application of different types of policy tools,and effectively stimulate the flexibility,propaganda,standardization,and positive incentives of policy tools to ensure that the policy tools used can be targeted and implemented.Continue to advance.The fourth is to improve the democratic decision-making mechanism of compulsory education in order to realize the effective construction of freedom and order in the development of compulsory education.Led by the government,it mainly expands the participants in decision-making,such as guiding social organizations,media,schools,teachers,students,parents and other subjects to participate in the democratic decision-making of compulsory education in an orderly manner.At the same time,the system of democratic decision-making in compulsory education will be enriched,such as establishing or improving the third-party discussion system,expert consultant discussion system,discipline professional suggestion system,and education consulting system.Through the government's organization and coordination,smooth communication channels from multiple perspectives,fully absorb the positive effects of multiple forces,continuously improve all links in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,and promote the further development of governance effectiveness.Fifth,through the construction of a comprehensive and multi-subject comprehensive supervision system composed of government supervision,social supervision and legal supervision,under the mutual cooperation and promotion of various fields and undertakings,internal and external integration,and jointly realize the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education aims.In the construction of the internal supervision system,governments at all levels should establish a good supervision feedback mechanism to realize effective communication between governments.At the same time,strengthen the coordination of supervision between departments.Focusing on the risks and contradictions in the process of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,various functional departments will supervise the education department in a targeted manner and form a joint force to promote the realization of compulsory education in all fields.High quality and sustainable development.In the construction of the external supervision system,all compulsory education participants in the society are given the authority to fully express their needs and demands,and the accountability mechanism is further supplemented and improved,putting expression and response in an equally important position.The effective implementation of the supervision mechanism can promote the scientific,independent and sustainable operation of various affairs in the field of compulsory education on the track of the rule of law.President Xi Jinping put forward in the two sessions in 2021,“The mission of education is to bacon,cast soul,inspire wisdom,and moisturize the heart.” In fact,judging from the country's years of compulsory education practice,the goal of government function setting and adjustment is Achieve the "psychological balance" of all participating subjects of compulsory education in the development of compulsory education.Under the guidance of this goal,this article hopes to analyze through multiple perspectives and clarify the roles and functions that governments at all levels should play in the construction of a democratic political system,so as to fundamentally promote democratic decision-making,joint participation,coordinated development,and administration according to law.Realization of teaching in accordance with the law.