Research On Multiple Dilemmas And Improvement Strategies Of The Supply Of Public Sports Services In Underdeveloped Regions

In 2012,the State Council issued a document listing sports services as one of the country’s basic public service items.After nearly ten years of development,the level of our country’s public sports services has greatly improved.But at the same time,public sports services have some urgent problems in terms of supply efficiency,service quality,and fair development.The academia is also increasingly studying related issues,but many issues are still under dispute,such as what should be included in the basic system of public sports services;what are the responsibility boundaries of the government;what exactly is the equalization of public sports services.At the same time,the research results discuss more general issues,and there are fewer targeted and systematic countermeasures.This means that there is still a lot of research space in the field of public sports services.In addition,we have noticed that although the "national system" of sports in our country determines that the main sport decision-making is made by the central government,however,in terms of public sports services,the main subjects of implementation are the local governments.The differences in resources and action strategies of various local governments will also lead to different behavioral results.At present,many of the policies formulated at the national level for the development of public sports services are the result of the first trial and then the migration of policies in the developed regions.However,compared with the developed regions,the less developed areas have many disadvantages,such as low level of revenue,the lack of a well-developed market environment,the incomplete development of social organizations,the lack of the government’s own governance concepts,the insufficient ability of the government to use market mechanisms to provide public sports services,and so on.All these gaps mean that the effective implementation of policies and measures in developed areas is not necessarily an effective "prescription" for solving many problems of public sports services in underdeveloped areas.Therefore,it is not appropriate to put forward a “one size fits all” solution based on nationwide research on public sports services.We need to pay proper attention to the public sports services of local governments,especially those in underdeveloped areas.Therefore,this thesis takes the public sports services in Jilin Province,a typical underdeveloped area,as a case to conduct an in-depth study.It not only discovers many current problems in my country’s public sports services,but also discusses the multiple difficulties of Jilin Province in implementing the current national policies.There are more in-depth and practical researches on the supply of public sports services in our country.The research idea of this paper is generally along the line of "theory developmentempirical investigation-problem analysis-countermeasures and suggestions".Under the guidance of this research idea,the main contents of this article focus on five aspects:The first is to explain the theoretical basis and distinguish the core concepts.In this part,the key content is: first,the definition of public sports service in this article is mainly to adopt a relatively narrow definition,that is,public sports services are positioned as the servicea provided by the government to promote the development of mass sports,excluding the management of competitive sports.The article discusses the reason and significance of such a definition.Second,by analyzing the policy texts and observing the reality,this article systematically summarizes the content of our country’s public sports services supply,which is rarely seen in the existing research results.The second is to investigate the actual status of the practice of public sports services in Jilin Province,a typical underdeveloped area,and use the analytical framework: who supplies,what to supply,how to supply,and how to evaluate the supply effects.This part contains a large amount of empirical data on public sports services in Jilin Province.The third is to assess the problems existing in the supply of public sports services in Jilin Province based on the interpretation of the status quo of public sports services in Jilin Province,and five typical problems have been found: poor policy quality and weak execution;The double contradiction of insufficient total amount and uneven distribution;the persistent problem of insufficient coordination between single center supply and department;the form of government purchase of services is greater than the substance;the double doubts of the authenticity and effectiveness of performance evaluation.The fourth is to analyze the multiple dilemmas of optimizing the supply of public sports services in Jilin Province,which is the focus of this article.The typical problems in the public sports services in Jilin Province are not unique.They exist to varying degrees in many regions of our country(whether developed or underdeveloped areas).The central level has long been aware of this,so a series of policies issued in recent years are trying to solve these problems.These policy plans point out many measures to optimize the supply of public sports services,such as ensuring that financial funds are put in place and encouraging multiple entities to participate in coordination,mobilizing social resources,purchasing services from enterprises and social organizations,introducing market competition mechanisms to improve supply efficiency,promoting the urban-rural integrated development of public sports services,implementing performance evaluation centered on residents’ satisfaction,and so on.If we look at the sources of these measures,most of them stem from the results of policy migration in developed regions after first trials.That is to say,the central level consciously transplants and promotes policies and measures that have been practiced and proven effective in developed regions to the whole country.However,under the background of uneven regional economic and social development in our country,underdeveloped areas do not have the excellent level of economic development,market conditions,social organization conditions,and government governance capabilities of developed areas.Therefore,there are multiple dilemmas when underdeveloped regions optimize local public sports services based on the central directive or suggested policies and measures.These dilemmas are:Financial difficulties.Optimizing public sports services have huge funding needs,but poor financing in underdeveloped areas like Jilin Province is a typical fact,and there is a contradiction between the two.This article analyzes in detail that there are two main sources of financing for public sports services in Jilin Province.The first is the public financial budget and the other is the lottery public welfare fund.Due to the limitation of the regional economic development level,for Jilin Province,the financing capacity of these two financing channels is both Particularly limited.Under this circumstance,it is very difficult to continuously expand the supply of funds to optimize public sports services.Diversified participation dilemma.The central level policy proposes to encourage social forces to participate in various public services,including public sports services.The social forces here are mainly enterprises and social organizations.Therefore,for local governments,there is multiple governance in the field of public sports services.Requirements and governance needs,but as a typical underdeveloped area,the sports industry in Jilin Province is underdeveloped,the market players that can participate in public sports services are insufficient,and the social organization is underdeveloped,mainly reflected in the small amount and excessive government Dependent,and can not effectively participate in public sports services.Therefore,in an underdeveloped area such as Jilin Province,there is a predicament for optimizing public sports services.Historical dilemma.There is a serious imbalance in public sports services in Jilin Province between urban and rural areas,and this problem is also a common problem throughout the country.The root cause of this problem lies in historical factors such as the dual structure of urban and rural areas and the nationwide sports system.The impact of these historical factors is so far-reaching that today,to reverse the urban-rural inequality of public sports services,it is necessary to invest heavily in rural areas.,But the scattered population in rural areas affects the scale effect of sports venues and facilities.Based on resource constraints,the government’s pursuit of investing sports resources in cities is more efficient,which seems to be a more rational choice.Therefore,the difficulty of reversing the status quo caused by historical factors is particularly obvious in underdeveloped regions such as Jilin Province.The functional dilemma is the contradiction between the fragmented functional division of government agencies and the overall demand for public sports services.public sports services are the common needs of the people(including adults and students)in a region,but there are two departments in charge of public sports services in our government agencies: the education department is in charge of school sports,and the sports department is in charge of social sports.Because of the division of departments,resources are also divided,so that the school sports venues that should be public resources are difficult to open to the public.In addition,the functional dilemma is also manifested in the problem of imperfect vertical organizational structure.In other words,there are often no personnel in charge of public sports services at the township level,so that there are many obstacles to the implementation of the overall policy at the grassroots level.Government capacity dilemma.To optimize public sports services,the practice in developed regions has proved that the government needs to boldly innovate the supply methods,such as through various market-oriented methods such as government purchases of services and entrusted operations to achieve more efficient and quality supply of public sports services..However,government officials in underdeveloped areas often lack innovative thinking and abilities,advanced market concepts and the ability to use market mechanisms.The author discovered these problems through a survey of officials from different levels of sports administrative departments in Jilin Province.Therefore,the government of underdeveloped regions has a government capacity dilemma when developing public sports services.Fifth,on the basis of a series of empirical analysis,the paper settled on the way to solve the dilemma.Although,as an underdeveloped region,there are some "hard constraints" dilemmas in the development of public sports services,local governments should be able to use some "soft measures" to optimize the supply of public sports services under "hard constraints",and feasible "soft measures" "Including: strictly implementing the government’s fiscal budget,changing the service concept and scientific decision-making,changing the supply mode of public sports services,establishing a vertical and complete horizontally smooth organizational structure and coordination mechanism,and establishing a clear urban and rural sports public service equalization strategy.