Research On The Cultivation Of College Students' Subjective Spirit

The Communist Party of China put forward that "innovation is the first impetus for development" in the fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee.In the next five years,China will achieve the goal of striding into the ranks of innovation-oriented countries and great powerful countries of talents."Public creation" will become a theme of the times,so society will also accelerate the development and require people to have the corresponding subjective spirit of continuous transcendence.The ideological and political education to establish the virtue and nature the talents is in need of cultivating the subjective spirit especially.At present,the subjective spirit of college students is lacking,which is a problem that the ideological and political education should face and solve.Since the 1980s,the academic circles have a lot of research on the subjectivity and have achieved many achievements,but there is still much confusion in the overall view.For example,what is the core spirit of subjectivity?It is the question that must be further explored.The existing research on the subjective spirit has also appeared to be more generalized and insufficient in theoretical depth.Guided by Marxist viewpoints on human motivation,human practice and freedom,and by reference to the subjective ideology of Chinese traditional philosophy and the western philosophy,the paper puts forward the viewpoint that self-transcendence is the essence of the subjectivity of human being,that is,people realize that their existence and development are subject to objective restriction or restraint,through subjective initiative and practice,the essential force of people shown in the process of transcending limitation and result.On this basis,it is pointed out that the characteristics,elements,hierarchical structure and formation mechanism of the subjective spirit,and then it is put forward that the corresponding training objectives,cultivating principles,methods and approaches to the current situation by analysis of the college students' subjective spirit.The innovation of this paper is to point out the necessity of cultivating the college students' subjective spirit to their growth,innovation and entrepreneurship,and to construct the basic theory of the subjective spirit,and to put forward the corresponding training methods and ways.The full paper is divided into two parts:the introduction and the main body.The introduction mainly expounds the basic connotation of subjective spirit,points out the reason and significance of the research,reviews the current situ ation of the relevant research at home and abroad,and gives a description of t he basic ideas,methods and innovations of this paper.The paper considers that in the public creation era the college students must continue to surpass the li mitations of survival and development to meet the demands of rapid social dev elopment,ideological and political education should promote the college student s self-transcendence in problems,making them become the development unifica tion of "target subject","power subject" and "responsibility subject".The first chapter is an overview of the subjective spirit.The main characteristic of the subjective spirit,namely transcendence,are embodied in four aspects:reality,practicality,passion and reflexivity.The spirit of subjectivity consists of seven elements:freedom,self-consciousness,independence,self-confidence,self-oriented,self-discipline,self-examination,which form its hierarchical structure.The subjective spirit can be classified according to the following methods:the spirit of formal subjectivity and the spirit of the essential subjectivity,the spirit of passive subjectivity and the spirit of active subjectivity,the spirit of self-subjectivity and the spirit of group subjectivity.The forming mechanism of the subjective spirit includes:the problem pressure mechanism,the practical experience mechanism,the reference effect mechanism,the need encouragement mechanism,accumulation sublimation mechanism.The spirit of subjectivity has three functions:life orientation function,value guiding function,cognitive construction function.The second chapter is about the theoretical basis and the thought reference of the subjective spirit.Guided by Marxist theory of human activity,human practice and freedom,it is expounded that self-transcendence is the spiritual essence of human subjectivity.The transcendence thought of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism in Chinese traditional philosophy culture,the self and transcendence and other subjective spirit-related thought in the western philosophical thought,all of these provide valuable reference resources for the theoretical elaboration of subjectivity.The third chapter is about the perspective of the college students' subjective spirit and the analysis of the current situation.By using the national survey data,it can be judged that the mainstream of the college students is positive,which is a good basis for cultivating the spirit of subjectivity.But some college students' subjective spirit is insufficient.For example small ideals,religious indoctrination,disunity of knowing and doing,indulging in the internet and alienating reality,being eager for quick success and instant benefits and loving pleasure and comfort,being difficult to bear pressure and lack of self-confidence.These deficiencies seriously affect the college students' positive pursuit of survival and development,so that it is difficult for them to achieve self-transcendence.This chapter analyzes the problems of the college students' subjective spirit from four aspects:self,family,education and society,and then the solution of these problems is proposed to cultivate the subjective spirit of the college students.The fourth chapter is about the goal,principle and method of cultivating the subjective spirit.Firstly,it points out that the main goal of cultivating the college students' subjective spirit is to realize the human freedom and all-round development.According to the characteristics and formation mechanism of subjective spirit,five basic principles and five training methods of cultivating the college students'subjective spirit are put forward.The five basic principles are problem orientation,seeking truth from facts,practice,benefit guidance,comprehensive development,and the five training methods are the competitive pressure method,the critical construction method,the communicative development method,the model education method,the emotional incentive method.The fifth chapter is about the way of cultivating the college students' subjective spirit.This chapter points out the specific way of cultivating the college students'from four aspects:the first is that the college students should consciously unify the realistic problems with the ideal goal,actively develop the self-implied and self reward,and achieve the unity of practice and introspection;the second is that parents should adapt to the development needs,change education concept,establish an understanding and integrated parent-child relationship and emphasize learning and practicing,and parents should instruct and influence the child by their words and deeds;the third is that the school should deepen the college students' ideals and beliefs education,focus on the problem-oriented thematic teaching reform,improve the practical effect of educating people,optimize the information and consulting services,strengthen the combination of family and school education,construct the evaluation system for the development of college students;the fourth is that the government should optimize the social environment,lead the social public opinion environment with core values,create a fair competition environment for college students employment,promote the reform and stimulate the "public creation" vitality of the society.