| The research on the value of competitive sports has always been the main content of the international sports theory,and it is also the research direction of the international sports field.In the past five years,the National Social Science Foundation Committee of China has twice listed it as a guideline item for sports research,which is sufficient to illustrate the practical significance of the research on the value of competitive sports.However,when the first chapter of the general undergraduate textbook "Sports Training Theory and Method",which is credited to each other by the institutions of higher education in European Union countries,opens the door to expound the value of competitive sports,there is no systematic explanation in the current general textbook "Sports Training" and "Introduction to Sports Training" compiled by undergraduate and postgraduate students in China.Therefore,this study has a certain theoretical and practical significance to remedy the deficiency in the theoretical research of competitive sports and the textbook of Sports Training Science in China.With the advent of 40 proposals in Agenda 2020,five new events in Tokyo Olympic Games,including rock climbing,surfing,baseball,skateboarding and karate,the continuous promotion of professional sports by the four major professional sports leagues in the United States,and the promulgation of Sports and Diplomacy in the Global Arena by the United States,more competitive sports have been summarized.Species value and future development ideas,competitive sports value shows the trend of diversified development.Rapid iteration and continuous expansion of the development space of competitive sports are both opportunities and challenges,which need to be adjusted according to the change of its value to adapt to the survival and development of the project,so as to maximize its value.The value of competitive sports is dynamic and epochal,and its layered and classified value will point out the direction for its development.Based on this,this study analyzed the value system and its elements of competitive sports through literature,questionnaire,expert interviews,analytic hierarchy process,principal component analysis and case analysis,and explored the value variation,realization process and value orientation from the construction of value theory to the way of realization,aiming at taking historical materialism and dialectical thinking as the basic thinking mode,and preliminarily explored the present situation.Value Theory of Contemporary Sports.The study found that:The value of competitive sport in philosophical sense refers to the positive significance of competitive sport to the subject,that is,the attributes and functions of competitive sport to meet the needs of the subject,which includes the sum of its essence and functions.The value of competitive sports has two sides:objective existence and subjective reflection.The core value of competitive sports refers to the positive significance of competitive sports to the main body,that is,the sum of the core attributes and functions of competitive sports to meet the needs of the main body.Competitive sports value chain refers to the value chain which is composed of interrelated and intercoupled value elements of competitive sports.The horizontal value chain of competitive sports and the interrelated vertical block chain constitute their value model together.The structure characteristics of competitive sports value chain: its horizontal value chain reflects the dynamic and epochal characteristics,while the vertical value chain reflects the characteristics of relevance and expansibility.The horizontal value chain of competitive sports is composed of eight value chains: spiritual value,educational value,sports value,economic value,cultural value,political value,diplomatic value and military value.The vertical block chain is composed of eight lower elements of value elements.Through principal component analysis,it is found that the main chain in the horizontal value chain of competitive sports is the sports value,spiritual value,educational value,cultural value and economic value(the factor of eigenvalue greater than 1).The most important factor of the eigenvalue is the sports value,which is the core value.The extended value of competitive sports includes military value,political value and diplomatic value(the factor whose characteristic value is less than 1).Its value embodies the characteristics of stratification and classification.At the same time,besides the main body value,a certain type of competitive sports should also take into account other extended value elements.The core value of competitive sports: sports value.The core elements of this value are: forming technical value,improving physical fitness value and challenging extreme value,which shows that:(1)competitive sports take physical exercise as its starting point,forming sports technical structure and displaying sports technology as its core value carrier;(2)competitive sports take improving physical fitness and improving physical exercise ability as its basic value carrier;(3)competitive sports take courage to break the human pole.Limit and dare to challenge the limit of psychological pressure as an important value carrier.Realization path: from the point of view of developing sports technology,enhance the ability of competitive participants to master technical knowledge,technical basis and technical details;from the aspect of improving physical fitness,improve the health level,physical function and special physical fitness of competitive participants;from the point of challenge limit,improve the mental outlook,challenge spirit and breakthrough ability of competitive participants.Subject value of competitive sports: spiritual value.The core elements of this value are the values of struggle spirit,team spirit and fairness spirit,which indicate that:(1)competitive sports have a positive leading effect on changing the mental state of indolence and lack of initiative;(2)competitive sports are conducive to enhancing team cohesion,combat effectiveness,execution and synergy;(3)competitive sports can stimulate team members' intelligence and avoid it.The phenomenon of favoritism bias.Ways to achieve: from the perspective of boosting the national will,through the spirit of competitive sports struggle,improve the country's spirit of courage,indomitable will;from the perspective of strengthening team spirit,through the way of team cooperation in competitive sports,enhance national efficiency awareness and cooperation skills;from the perspective of purifying the social environment,through the construction of competitive sports system to create a rule of law,strict management The governance environment.Subject Value of Competitive Sports: Educational Value.The core elements of this value are competitive education elements,will education elements and skill education elements,which show that:(1)competitive sports are conducive to the formation of a benign social competitive environment and atmosphere,the formation of competitive personality and competitive consciousness of participants;(2)competitive sports are conducive to the training of participants' toughness under difficult conditions;(3)the superb skills of high-level competitors to the public.Educational effect of skill bench marking.Realization path: hope to enhance the national will of the country from the dimension of inspiring national spirit and style,through the means of will education of competitive sports at all levels;hope to purify the competitive social environment from the dimension of strengthening the rule of law,through competitive education means;hope to improve the quality of life of the people,through the dimension of physical education of competitive sports to improve the sports literacy of all citizens.The main body value of competitive sports: economic value.The core elements of this value are: the value of competition management,the value of functional exercise and the value of leisure equipment,which shows that:(1)competition management is the most important factor to realize its economic value;(2)the transformation of competitive training mode into a specific means of mass fitness reflects its value of functional exercise;(3)the transformation of competitive equipment into fitness and leisure equipment is an important embodiment of its economic value.Form.Realization path: through the refinement of profit model of sports events,improve the level of competition,operation ability,publicity and audience awareness of competitive events;through improving fitness applicability of competitive training methods,develop more functional exercise means based on project derivation;through the development of competitive equipment,promote people-oriented wearing experience,data monitoring and "Internet+ The development of intelligent devices with attributes.Competitive sports subject value: cultural value.The core elements of this value are: competitive cultural value,rule cultural value and equipment cultural value,which shows that:(1)competitive culture is an internationally recognized element of competitive sports culture;(2)competitive sports culture needs to be nurtured and developed in a fair and just environment;(3)material conditions provide support for the development of competitive sports culture.Realization path: Form unique temperament in competition;temper psychological quality in competition;form competitive culture of team operation;overcome human inertia through competitive culture.The way to realize the cultural value of rules is to strengthen sports legislation,raise participants' legal consciousness,and strengthen the propaganda of rules consciousness.The value path of equipment culture: strive to make excellent equipment;strengthen the cooperation between sports subjects and scientific and technological personnel;constantly make breakthroughs through equipment innovation.The extended value of competitive sports after principal component analysis is political value,diplomatic value and military value.The core elements of the political value of competitive sports are image enhancement value,solidarity and mutual assistance value and national incentive value;the core elements of diplomatic value are project exchange value,folk custom exchange value and system exchange value;and the core elements of military value of competitive sports are quality enhancement value,hardworking spirit value and skill enhancement value.The main body value of competitive sports is complementary and inseparable with military value,political value and diplomatic value.The core value is the concentrated display of its value,and the extended value is the related expression of its value realization. |
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