"At Homines,Non Nascuntur,Sed Finguntur"

Desiderius Erasmus is regarded as the greatest man in the history of education in the 16 th century.The influence of Erasmus on children's educational methods and spirit is far beyond his influence on religion.Therefore,educational thought,especially children's educational outlook,has become one of the important perspectives to understand Erasmus' s real value.This study sought to expand the research on Erasmus' education thought for children deeply and broadly,exploring its information and micro ideas from his classic texts,looking for Erasmus' status and value in European thought,and looking for the value for China's modern education reform and development.The first chapter discusses the starting point of Erasmus' educational outlook.This paper will look into Erasmus' s philosophy and thought of education for children from the perspective of humanism education,and to explore the characteristics of his humanism children's education.The main life experiences of Erasmus were narrated with the religious and social ideological background of his time.The chapter emphasis on those life experiences that had important influence on the formation of his academic and educational thoughts.Then,from the influence of the zeitgeist and the inspiration of the classical educational view,this charter discusses the germination and formation of Erasmus' s educational thought,so as to understand the basis of the his ideas.The second chapter mainly discusses Erasmus' deep thinking on children's education outlook from the aspects of humanity,religion,virtue,politics and society.Erasmus reshaped the theory of human nature in the Renaissance,highlighting his emphasis on human being,affirming of man's teachableness and emphasizing on the harmony and unity of man's body and mind,and then discussing the ultimate goal of Erasmus' s religious person of Christianity,his pursuit of virtue,and politics and social order.Erasmus rediscovered the value of children's education and systematically expounded the grand ideal of realizing human progress and social transformation by means of education.The third chapter discusses Erasmus' content theory of children's education.First of all,this chapter analyzes the main object of Erasmus' s children's education--boys of elite class,and then discusses the main children's educational content advocated byErasmus,including the refined education with language training as the main axis of knowledge and the education of external behavior.In particular,with manners education as the core,he put forward the children's manners education that "At Homines,Non Nascuntur,Sed Finguntur"("Man Certainly is not Born,but Made Man"),which had a profound influence on the educational thoughts and propositions,and the European civilization and standardization of manners were promoted by Erasmus' s works on manners.In addition,this chapter also makes a special discussion on Erasmus' education for girls in terms of gender education,revealing the essence and value of his education for girls.The fourth Chapter discusses Erasmus' methodology of children's education.This chapter specifically summarizes and analyzes several important teaching principles and methods mainly elaborated by Erasmus,such as step by step,early education,education through recreation,game teaching,group competition,opposition to corporal punishment and so on,in order to understand its educational spirit.The fifth chapter discusses the environmental theory of children education advocated by Erasmus.This is a special thematic study,which is also a characteristic theme in Erasmus' s children's education thought.This chapter starts with Erasmus' s main roles of parents,teachers and peers,which are the most important people in children's growing up,to show their relative relationship and responsibilities,and to bring human activities into Erasmus' s concept of children's education.Nature and education work together to shape children.Compared with the educational methods of the Middle Ages and the overall teaching situation of the Renaissance era,Erasmus' thoughts on children's education had the power to enlighten the deaf and opened the opportunity of educational reform in that era.