The Gender Of Landscape In Tourism Economy

Feminine cultural characteristics often appear in tourism field in our country,especially in ethnic minority areas.They together with local ethnic culture and natural landscape often constitute the local tourist attraction as a direct or indirect cultural media,emerging from social surface layer above dominated by gender(especially female)of social life.The academic circles mostly stay on the phenomenon description of this "gendered" landscape,and rarely mention the motivation for its formation motivation,process,characteristics and significance to local people.Since the 1950 s,due to the limitation of historical reasons and natural conditions,the economic and social development of Jinkeng Dazhai has long lagged behind its neighboring brotherly ethnic groups.A local folk song,"Half an iron pot,half a house,half a bed,half a nest," vividly illustrates the living conditions of extreme poverty at that time.Until the beginning of the 21 st century,ethnic tourism began to rise,people realized that "gold and silver mountains are not as good as clear waters and green mountains",so they changed their mode of livelihood and became "amphibious farmers"(what?)who "carry ploughs and rake fields and sing folk songs to travel".When the way of living has changed profoundly,the main production activities of transition from traditional agriculture field to the field of tourism,social soil that rooted culture changed,to a certain extent changed the local people’s attitude towards culture.Long hair,clothing,dance,marriage customs and festivals around the female element is active in this fertile soil,the gender of the folk culture landscape and tourist economy in the life the Hong Yao group "Female is dominant" social representation is increasingly obvious.Taking the above "gender landscape" as a starting point,using literature research,participant observation,in-depth interview,comparative study and other methods,supplemented by qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis,chose Da Zhai Village of Guangxi Longji for the field site,through the "external landscape" and the "inner landscape" two research perspectives,exploring how do they work together to shape the "landscape" with gender symbols in the field of tourism exchanges with the outside world,reflecting on "gender landscape" drive whether the tourism economy development of the "imbedding" in local social life of the women of the hongyao group.As a kind of perceptual presentation,"gender landscape" is not a single "external landscape" or "internal landscape" in essence,but a intricate complex,which is constructed from inside and produced from outside.The self-construction of "gender landscape" is basing on the boundaryless "place" that hongyao females shows the folk custom culture and economic activity,the practice of dependent upon their landscape,often combined with local knowledge of the people of the Hongyao group.Generally speaking,the internal world’s cognition of the cultural symbols of its own ethnic group is often under the "normal" consensus,which is embedded in the local people’s historical memory and sense of identity and stands in the local people’s values as a knowledge system.With relatives as link community relations,contains the saying of "identity" family structure relations,the external social relations and ethnic identity of the hongyao females helped them to some extent in the life practice of the construction of "gender landscape",them give the meaning of culture to its environment in accordance with traditional practice(i.e.,the "normal" consensus).The outside world for the creation of "gender landscape" and its significance and production is the main part of the cultural representation of his cultural imagery,delimit a boundary of administrative space and cultural space,the boundary is composed of terraces,long hair,clothing accessories,festival activities such as resource into the ring,and these resources contain such as negative/positive,female/male gender characteristics.In the process of interaction with the outside world,the outside observer for the senses of "gender landscape" needs,psychological needs,and power requirements,space requirements and other cultural function driver,the locals had to be dominated by women to express the cultural image,so that the ethnic tourist areas women’s social life between true and false dilemma.The "gender landscape" is presented as a static result,sometimes "imbedding" with the social life of the hongyao females,sometimes "un-imbedding" with it.As a kind of dynamic interaction process,it is composed of many complex forces shape together,is on the basis of the internal perspective and external perspective of interaction,they are not mutually exclusive,but is in a state of "pull" to each other,achieving the ideal balance at a certain time of a certain space,then will also continue to "pull",difficultly to achieve the balance of eternal balance,over and over,realizing in the process of development,toward a symbiosis.In this kind of interaction,the development of local economy is not to be divorced from the human nature,society,culture should never be subordinate to the economy,the development of economy is supposed to return to human nature or essence,but the market also should not be simply follow the historical facts "imbedding" in social relationships,but reflect the chimerism and integrity of economy and culture,only in this way can we realize the true sense of social stability and long-term economic development.