| Cultivating the endogenous motivation of students’ interest in physical education has become an important mission of school physical education and has been included in the strategic framework of the national level.Strengthening the cultivation of students’ interest in physical education has become an important starting point for promoting school physical education and promoting the health of teenagers.However,in the practice of cultivating students’ interest in sports learning,the effect of cultivating students’ interest in sports learning is seriously restricted due to the lack of systematic grasp of the influencing factors of students’ interest in sports learning,and the internal action mechanism of influencing factors on each stage of the interest in sports learning.Therefore,this research with the aid of the Shanghai sports interest "curriculum reform in the elementary schools" bring reliable research opportunities,primary school students in Shanghai as the research object,focusing on the "primary school physical education learning interest in the mechanism of action of influencing factors",using the literature material method,Delphi method,questionnaire survey,mathematical statistics method and other methods,carried out a research into the following several aspects.Firstly,based on the theoretical basis of interest development theory and the related literature support of interest and sports interest,the internal measurement structure of sports learning interest was expanded.And using Delphi method to construct a relatively systematic index system of influencing factors of primary school students’ interest in physical education learning.Secondly,based on the internal measurement structure of PE learning interest and the index system of influencing factors,the scale of PE learning interest and influencing factors for primary school students is developed.Finally,using the research and development scale to carry out the relevant data survey,using the structural equation model analysis on the basis of correlation and regression analysis,reveals the internal mechanism of influencing factors on primary school students’ interest in each stage of physical education learning.The main research results are as follows:(1)The internal measurement structure of primary school students’ interest stimulation in physical education learning situation can be determined as follows:novelty,challenge,attention demand,temporary willingness to participate,and pleasure of immediate stimulation.The internal measurement structure of situational interest retention can be determined as follows: practicability,challenge,demand for attention,willingness to participate repeatedly in class,and pleasure of growth.The internal measurement structure of individual interest budding can be determined as follows: the pleasure of continuous growth,the willingness to participate repeatedly in class and extracurricular development,and the importance.The internal measurement structure of individual interest stability can be determined as follows: the fun of self-actualization,the willingness to participate autonomously in and out of class,and the autonomy.(2)The index system of influencing factors of primary school students’ learning interest in physical education consists of two first-level indexes: environment and individual factors;Sports psychology,system and material environment factors,expected value,achievement goals and sports knowledge and skills of six secondary indicators;Sports,school sports,family sports participation in classroom teaching atmosphere and social sports participation,sports time guarantee and policy implementation,sports facilities,sports teachers’ curriculum ability,sports curriculum resources development and the supply of service,expected to faith and task value,grasp the trend and grasp the tendency of avoidance,performance and achievement avoidance,sports knowledge and skills of 18 three-level indicator;And 42 observation points.(3)through the strict test,reliability and validity of research and development of the four physical education learning interest inventory and two factors affecting the scale: stimulates the elementary physical education learning interest situation scale(5dimensions 20 questions),the primary school physical education learning situation interest inventory(5 dimensions 20 questions),the primary school physical education learning individuals interested in bud scale(3 dimensions 8 questions),the primary school physical education learning individuals interested in stable scale(3 dimensions8 questions),the impact of elementary physical education learning interest questionnaire of environmental indicators(3 dimensions 29)and the influence elementary physical education learning interest of the individual indicators questionnaire,3 dimension(24).(4)As for the test school variables,the test school students showed higher attention need level(P=0.011),temporary participation willingness(P=0.003)and immediate stimulation of fun(P=0.003)than the non-test school students;Higher perceived level of practicality(P=0.011),willingness to participate repeatedly in class(P=0.007)and pleasure of growth(P=0.013);Higher overall development level of individual interest in physical education(P=0.003),fun of continuous growth(P=0.000),repeated participation willingness to expand outside the classroom(P=0.018)and importance perception(P=0.008);As well as higher self-actualization pleasure(P=0.003)and lower perceived challenge level(P=0.001).(5)In terms of the variables of student origin,urban students only showed higher continuous growth pleasure than suburban students(P=0.037 < 0.05).In terms of grade variables,there was no significant difference in all stages of PE learning interest(P BBB 0 0.05)among students of high and low grades.In terms of gender variables,female students showed a higher level of attention demand than male students(P=0.026),while male students showed a higher willingness to repeat participation(P=0.03)and autonomy(P=0.034)from inside and outside class development than female students.In the variables of the only child,the non-only child showed higher temporary participation willingness(P=0.04),higher practical perception level(P=0.043),higher attention need level(P=0.026)and higher participation willingness in class(P=0.05)than the only child.In terms of BMI variables,obese students showed higher levels of perceived challenge than normal students(P=0.043).In terms of SES variables,students with high SES showed higher overall development level of individual interest(P=0.035),importance perception level(P=0.015),sustained growth pleasure(P=0.026),and higher fun of self-actualization(P=0.008)than students with low SES.On the other hand,students with low and medium SES showed higher level of challenge perception(P=0.000/ P=0.022).(6)in the primary school physical education learning situation interest stimulate stage,sports psychological environment and learning situation interest stimulate path coefficient is 0.61,the segmentation dimensions sports classroom teaching atmosphere(t = 8.514),the family sports to participate in the atmosphere(t = 3.398)and social sports participation atmosphere(t = 7.125)also can positively predict interest in physical education learning situation.The path coefficient of physical environment of sports and interest stimulation of sports learning situation is 0.22,and the subdivision dimension of sports venue facilities(t=2.570)and the construction of sports course resources(t=8.094)can also positively predict the interest stimulation of sports learning situation.(7)in the primary school students interest in physical education learning situation stay stage,situational interest sports psychological environment and learning to keep the path of the coefficient is 0.14,the segmentation dimensions sports classroom teaching atmosphere(t = 10.040),the school sports participation atmosphere(t =5.452),the family sports participation atmosphere(t = 4.004)and the social atmosphere of taking part in the physical dimensions(t = 11.383)also can positively predict maintain interest in physical education learning situation.The indirect effect of psychological environment of sports through the partial mediating effect of interest stimulation of sports learning situation is 0.439,and the indirect effect of physical environment through the complete mediating effect of interest stimulation of sports learning situation is 0.206.The indirect effect of sports environmental factors was0.645,which was much higher than the direct effect of sports environmental factors(0.14).(8)in primary school physical education learning individuals interested in bud stage,the structural equation model of the two individual sports psychological environment and learning of the burgeoning interest in path coefficient was 0.69 and0.54,respectively,and the segmentation dimensions sports classroom teaching atmosphere(t = 8.609),the family sports to participate in the atmosphere(t = 15.892)and social sports participation atmosphere(t = 1.996)also can positively predict physical education learning individuals interested in bud.The path coefficient between expected value and budding individual interest in physical education learning was0.28,and the subdivided dimensions of expected belief(t=7.454),achievement value(t=8.380)and intrinsic value(t=11.572)could also positively predict budding individual interest in physical education learning.The path coefficient of mastery tendency and sprout of individual interest in sports learning is 0.08.In the structural equation model,the indirect effect size of psychological environment through the partial mediating effect of interest in learning context is 0.137,and the indirect effect size of physical environment through the mediating effect of interest in learning context is 0.044.The indirect effect size of sports environmental factors was 0.181,which was much lower than the direct effect size of sports environmental factors of0.69.In the structural equation model with individual factors as mediating variables,the indirect effect size of the psychological environment through the partial mediating effect of expected value is 0.272,and the indirect effect size of the physical environment through the mediating effect of master tendency is 0.075.The indirect effect size of sports environmental factors was 0.347,which was also lower than the direct effect size of sports environmental factors of 0.54.(9)in the primary school physical education learning individuals interested in stable stage,individual sports psychological environment and learning interest and stable path coefficient was 0.19,and the segmentation dimensions sports classroom teaching atmosphere(t = 7.839),the family sports participation atmosphere(t =8.348),and the social atmosphere of taking part in the physical dimensions(t =16.096)stable individual interest can positively predict sports learning,school sports participation atmosphere(t = 3.624)can be predicted negative physical education learning individual interest in stability.The path coefficient of stability between institutional environment of sports and individual interest in sports learning is0.40.The stable path coefficient between physical education knowledge and skill and individual interest in physical education learning is 0.21,and the stable path coefficient between mastery tendency and individual interest in physical education learning is 0.36.In the structural equation model with sprout of individual interest in physical education as mediating variable,the indirect effect of psychological environment of physical education through the partial mediating effect of sprout of individual interest in physical education is 0.555.The indirect effect of physical environment on the germination of individual interest in physical education was0.169.The indirect effect size of sports environmental factors was 0.724,much higher than the direct effect size of sports environmental factors 0.19.In the structural equation model with individual factors as mediating variables,the indirect effect size of physical education psychological environment through the mediating effect of physical education knowledge and skills is 0.176,and the indirect effect size through the mediating effect of mastery trend is 0.32.The indirect effect of sports environmental factors was 0.496 in total,slightly higher than the direct effect of sports environmental factors of 0.40.According to the research results,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The four-stage scale of learning interest in physical education,the scale of environmental influencing factors and the scale of individual influencing factors developed in this study have good reliability and validity,and can be used as a measuring tool for studying students’ learning interest in physical education.(2)The good physical psychological environment,system environment and material environment support degree of the pilot school makes the students in the pilot school not only maintain a high level of attention,a strong willingness to participate in the physical education learning content,but also lower the challenge threat and good interactive experience;In addition,they can better perceive the important value of sports learning,show a strong willingness to participate in extracurricular activities and a more positive emotional experience.(3)Non-only-child’s desire for others’ attention leads to their better perception of the practical value of physical education learning,and their high level of attention needs and strong willingness to participate in class for physical education learning content.Obese students are limited to their own physical conditions,will be less confident in the completion of sports actions,so they show a higher level of challenge perception than normal students.High social and economic status students can provide better sports participation in support of family,not only make it feel less physical education learning content of challenging threat,and better physical education learning about their important value perception,access to a more positive emotion experience,it is easier to form stable physical education learning individual interest.(4)Physical psychological environment and physical environment can directly affect the interest stimulation of primary school students’ physical learning situation,and the effect of physical psychological environment is better than physical environment.Among them,PE classroom teaching atmosphere and the construction of PE curriculum resources are the most important environmental impact indicators for the stimulation of pupils’ interest in PE learning situation.(5)Sports psychological environment can not only directly affect,but also indirectly affect the maintenance of primary school students’ interest in sports learning situation through part of the mediating effect of interest stimulation in sports learning situation.Physical environment can only indirectly affect primary school students’ interest in sports learning situation through the mediating effect of interest stimulation in sports learning situation.The internal influence of physical environment factors on the maintenance of primary school students’ interest in physical learning situation is based on the indirect influence of physical environment and physical environment,and supplemented by the direct influence of physical environment.The teaching atmosphere of PE classroom and the construction of PE curriculum resources are the most important environmental indicators to exert the indirect influence of PE environment factors.The atmosphere of social sports participation and the atmosphere of sports classroom teaching are the most important environmental indicators to exert the direct influence of sports psychological environment.(6)sports psychological environment can directly influence,but also through the study of sports situational interest as well as the expected value of partial intermediary effect indirectly influence primary school physical education learning individuals interested in bud and sports physical environment only through learning situation interest and grasp the trend of the mediation effect of indirect influence primary school physical education learning individuals interested in bud.The internal influence of physical environment factors on the sprout of individual interest of primary school students in physical education is based on the direct influence of physical environment and supplemented by the indirect influence of physical environment and physical environment.Family sports participation atmosphere is the most important environmental index to exert the direct influence of sports psychological environment.The teaching atmosphere of PE classroom and the construction of PE curriculum resources are the most important environmental indicators,and the expected value is the most important individual index to bring the environmental factors into play.(7)Physical psychological environment can not only directly affect,but also indirectly affect the stability of individual interest of primary school students through the sprout of individual interest in physical education,the tendency of mastering physical education and the effect of physical education knowledge and skills;Physical education system environment can directly affect the stability of individual interest of primary school students in physical education.Physical environment can only indirectly affect the stability of individual interest of primary school students through the mediating role of budding individual interest in physical education.The internal influence of sports environment factors on the stability of individual interest of primary school students in sports learning is based on the indirect influence of sports psychological environment and the direct influence of sports system environment,supplemented by the direct influence of sports psychological environment and the indirect influence of sports material environment.The family sports participation atmosphere is the most important environmental index to exert the indirect influence of sports environmental factors,and mastering the tendency and sports knowledge and skills is the most important individual index to exert the indirect influence of sports psychological environment.The atmosphere of social sports participation is the most important environmental index to exert the direct influence of sports psychological environment. |
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