Study On The University-Industry Collaborative Mechanism In National Innovation System

Collaboration level of national innovation system is of great importance, from micro level, it not only related to the efficiency of knowledge production, knowledge communication and knowledge transfer of the universities and research institutions, but also related to the knowledge absorption and innovation performance of enterprises. From macro level, it not only related to the cultivation of innovation ability, but also related to the achievement of innovation-driven development strategy and improvement of the international competitiveness. From the history of developed countries, like America, Britain, the European Union, Japan, Israel et al., their advantage owes to the highly efficient collaboration of national innovation system. After the founding of new China, personnel training, scientific research and social economic development all obtained the considerable development, but the existence of segmentation, split and islanding phenomenon of national innovation system is particularly prominent, which become main obstacles that restrict our independent innovation capacity and cooperative innovation performance. In order to improve the efficiency of collaborative innovation, how to construct collaborative innovation system and innovation policy system with Chinese characteristics, cultivate innovation ecosystem including enterprise, universities, research institutions, agencies, government and financial institutions, has become an emerging and pressing matter of the moment. Based on such background, this study focuses on the goal of collaborative. innovation ability of national innovation system, summarizes the influence factors of collaborative innovation, then researches on the static mechanism and dynamic mechanism of collaborative innovation from theoretical and empirical respective, aiming to explore the key bottlenecks which influence the development of China's innovation system and suggest policy solutions, thus to rich the theory of national innovation system and innovation policy.Using the methods of literature analysis, case study, questionnaire research, statistical analysis, especially classic "B-Z" reaction model from the complex system, this paper deeply studied the collaborative innovation of national innovation system, mainly on the following four aspects:(1) key dimension and influencing factors in the process of collaborative innovation of national innovation system;(2)static collaborative innovation mechanism of national innovation system;(3)dynamic collaborative innovation mechanism of national innovation system;(4) innovation policy of improving the cooperative efficiency.Through theoretical and empirical research, this paper draws the following important conclusion:(1) Based on complex system theory, this paper reviews three key subsystem of national innovation system:knowledge, participants and policy system. Through multi-case study of the "knowledge is the core element of collaborative innovation, production, transfer, absorption and utilization of knowledge is the key process that influencing the cooperative innovation performance, knowledge transfer ability of university and absorptive capacity of enterprises directly restricted the synergetic innovation performance", such theoretical hypothesis are pointed out and supported by empirical test.(2)Using data survey and empirical research, this paper explored the static mechanisms of collaborative innovation, draws the following conclusions:first, the absorptive capacity of enterprises is the key bottleneck factor of current innovation performance of national innovation system; second, knowledge transfer capacity of university is also one of the main factors that influcing collaborative innovation performance of national innovation system; third, incentive policy can effectively promote absorptive capacity of enterprises and knowledge transfer ability of universities.(3)Based on the static mechanism of collaborative innovation, using classic "B-Z" three dimensional analysis model and Matlab simulation analysis software to explore the dynamic collaborative mechanism of the three elements:collaborative innovation performance, absorptive capacity of enterprise and knowledge transfer ability of university. The study found:firstly, absorptive capacity of enterprise has high correlation with cooperative innovation performance. When the absorptive capacity is high, the efficiency of knowledge transfer can effectively improve the performance, collaborative innovation can increase about5times; second, knowledge transfer capacity of universities keeps stable; third, the incentive policy has positive effects on collaborative innovation, when the absorptive capacity is insufficient, but the incentive policy is strong, certain performance can be promoted; when the absorption capability of enterprise is high and incentive policy is strong, collaborative innovation performance can be increased about4.5times.(4)Based on static and dynamic mechanism of collaborative innovation, connecting with the conclusion that absorptive capacity of enterprises is the bottleneck factors that restrict the innovation performance, this paper designed policy solutions from three aspects:environment optimition, absorptive capacity promotion of enterprise and university motivation.The contribution and innovation of this paper is shown in the following two aspects:(1)Different from previous perspective focused on system or single main body of innovation, this paper researched the static and dynamic mechanisms of collaborative innovation, explored interaction of many main bodys in innovation system. It's a new perspective and content.(2)Different from the previous static methods in researching collaborative innovation mechanism, this paper uses classic "B-Z" three dimensional analysis model and Matlab simulation analysis, exploring the dynamic mechanism of collaborative innovation performance, absorptive capacity and knowledge transfer ability. Which is a new application of complex system theory in the field of innovation management, therefore, research methods are innovative.(3)Based on empirical research of static mechanism and simulation research of dynamic mechanism, we found that absorptive capacity of enterprises is the key role in the process of collaborative innovation. The findings of this study, not only benefits to the promotion of absorptive capacity, but also provides the direction for the optimization of incentive policy, the conclusions are innovative.