The Mechanism And Empirical Study On The Impact Of Urban-rural Dual Economic Structure On The Quality Of Export Products

Based on the traditional dual economic theory,this paper comprehensively analyzes the macro background and main characteristics of China's urban-rural dual structure,and presents the current situation of urban-rural dual structure in China's cities at prefecture level and above by using the Gini coefficient,industrial structure coefficient and financial non equalization coefficient between urban and rural areas in China.On this basis,two hypotheses of "local market" and "human capital" are put forward from the perspective of demand side and supply side respectively.From the perspective of income distribution,industrial change and financial development,this paper discusses the influence and mechanism of urban-rural income gap,urban-rural dual industrial structure and Urban-Rural Financial inequality on the quality of export products.In this paper,the customs database,industrial enterprise database and manually searched urban and rural data of cities at prefecture level and above in China are used to conduct empirical test and analysis based on the hypothesis of relevant propositions.First of all,by collecting and calculating the relevant urban-rural dualistic index,this paper systematically depicts the development status of China's urban-rural dual structure,and finds that although China's long-term efforts to build a domestic integrated market have broken the geographical restrictions of factor exchange to a certain extent,the urban-rural dual structure still shows obvious geographical differences.The eastern region,especially the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,has a higher degree of urban-rural integration,while the trend of urban-rural dualization in the central and western regions is still very obvious.Secondly,based on the market demand theory and human capital theory,this paper puts forward the hypothesis of the impact mechanism of urban-rural dual structure on the quality of export products.Based on the panel data of cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2005 to 2013 and the export product quality data of enterprises,this paper examines the actual impact of urban-rural income gap on the quality of coarse-grained products of enterprises from two dimensions of local market and human capital.The results show that after controlling the characteristics of enterprises and cities,the income gap between urban and rural areas has a significant impact on the quality of export products of enterprises,especially in the eastern region,private and foreign-funded enterprises and labor-intensive enterprises.From the demand side,the impact of urban-rural income gap on the local market is significantly negative,while the impact of local market on the quality of enterprises' export products is significantly positive,indicating that the urban-rural income gap can reduce the quality of enterprises' export products by restraining the local market.From the supply side,the impact of urban-rural income gap on human capital is significantly negative,while the impact of human capital on the quality of enterprise export products is significantly positive,indicating that the urban-rural income gap can have a negative impact on the quality of export products by hindering the accumulation of local human capital.Thirdly,based on the perspective of human capital accumulation and transformation,using the data of cities at prefecture level and above in China and the quality data of enterprises' export products from 2001 to 2007,this paper discusses the changes of export product quality caused by the change of urban-rural dual industrial structure in China.The results show that the aggravation of urban-rural dual industrial structure can reduce the quality of export products by restraining the accumulation of local human capital.In addition,the unification of urban and rural dual industrial structure has a significant effect on improving the quality of export products of central and western regions,private enterprises and labor-intensive enterprises.Furthermore,from the perspective of enterprise operation,this paper explores the micro mechanism effect of urban-rural dual industrial structure and human capital on the quality of export products.The research shows that the change of urban-rural dual industrial structure affects the "pool" of skilled labor force faced by enterprises through the accumulation and transformation of human capital,which directly changes the total factor productivity of enterprises and the efficiency of fixed assets investment,and finally leads to the change of export product quality.This shows that the macro changes of urban and rural industrial structure can have a significant impact on the quality of micro enterprises' export products through the influence of human capital.Finally,based on the perspective of financial development,this paper discusses the impact of urban-rural financial inequality on the quality of enterprises' export products by using the data of cities at prefecture level and above and the quality data of enterprises' export products from 2005 to 2013.It is found that financial inequality in urban and rural areas has a significant inhibitory effect on the quality of export products of local enterprises,and this effect is more obvious in the eastern region,private enterprises and labor-intensive enterprises.In addition,from the perspective of demand side and supply side,this paper systematically discusses the mechanism of urban-rural financial inequality on export product quality.On the demand side,financial inequality in urban and rural areas restrains the expansion of local demand by tightening local financing constraints,thus limiting and reducing the quality of enterprises' export products.As far as the supply side is concerned,financial inequality in urban and rural areas hinders the accumulation of human capital by restricting local residents,especially rural residents,from increasing their investment in education,thus having a negative effect on the quality of export products.