| In 2019,the number of people aged 65 and over in my country reached 167 million,accounting for 12% of the total population,making China one of the countries with the largest aging population and the fastest population aging process in the world.The aging and aging of the population will inevitably bring a greater burden to the society and bring greater financial pressure to the government.In fact,according to the United Nations' latest population aging standards,my country entered an aging society as early as 2000.The sixth national census report shows that the rural aging population in my country accounts for 15.4%of the total rural population,which is 2.14 percentage points higher than the national average of 13.26%.The aging of rural residents is more significant and the problem is more prominent.Different from some developed countries or regions,my country has a longstanding dual economic structure between urban and rural areas,and the level of urban and rural economic and social development is seriously unbalanced.The level of social security for rural residents is quite different from that of urban residents.Coordinating the urban and rural social endowment insurance system is the strategic goal and task of the party and the government to promote the overall development of urban and rural areas.It is an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the common prosperity and development of urban and rural areas.It is a harmonious society that reflects the fair social security system for different social groups.important content.Based on this,this article expounds the theoretical basis for establishing and improving the rural social endowment insurance system,summarizes the changes in my country's rural social endowment insurance system,and analyzes the current status of my country's rural social endowment insurance system and its guarantee effects.On this basis,we learn from Typical countries(regions)have the experience of coordinating urban and rural social endowment insurance systems,analyzing the feasibility of coordinating urban and rural social endowment insurance systems,and proposing design ideas,implementation plans and supporting measures for coordinating urban and rural social endowment insurance systems.The full text consists of an introduction and seven chapters,a total of eight parts,and the basic content mainly includes:First,on the basis of defining the basic concepts,it systematically sorts out and discusses the types of social endowment insurance,the theoretical basis of social endowment insurance,and the government's responsibility for the rural social endowment insurance system in my country.Pension insurance has the characteristics of typical "public goods",and objectively requires government intervention and intervention,and responsibility.Based on the concept explanation and function introduction of the contributory and noncontributory pension insurance,it provides a theoretical basis for the overall planning of rural social pension insurance in my country.In addition,the government design responsibility,implementation responsibility,financial subsidy responsibility,investment operation and supervision responsibility of pension insurance are discussed.Second,comprehensively and systematically sort out the changes in the rural social endowment insurance system in my country,and analyze the current situation of my country's rural social endowment insurance from the perspective of social pooling and individual accounts,and analyze the shortcomings of my country's current rural social endowment insurance system from the institutional level.By expounding the basic content and characteristics of "Old Rural Insurance","New Rural Insurance" and "Urban and Rural Residential Insurance",the rural social endowment insurance system in various periods is evaluated.On the whole,after nearly 30 years of development,my country's rural social endowment insurance system has basically achieved full coverage for rural residents,and the fiscal responsibility within the system has also changed from “none” to “yes”,but in various periods The protection effect of rural social endowment insurance is still poor.Thirdly,this article analyzes the current situation and drawbacks of the rural social pension insurance system in my country,and analyzes the causes of the problems existing in the rural social pension insurance system in my country.In addition,this article uses actuarial models to analyze the protection effect of the rural social endowment insurance system.The study found that the pension replacement rate is relatively low.The basic pension replacement rate is only 10%,and the personal account replacement rate is only 5%.It is difficult to meet the daily expenses of rural residents;the pension replacement rate varies greatly between different regions.Some of these eastern provinces have low pension replacement rates and heavy local financial burdens.Through the analysis of the causes of the above problems,it is found that the financial subsidy to the basic pension is low,the financial subsidy mechanism for personal contributions is unreasonable,and the rate of return of the pension insurance fund is the main reason for the above problems.This proves once again that the government of the rural social pension insurance system in my country Lack of responsibility.Fourth,it draws on the experience of rural social endowment insurance in Japan,Chinese Taiwan Province of my country,Brazil and Chile in urban-rural co-ordination,and it also plays a role in linking the whole article.By examining the establishment steps of the abovementioned countries(regions)to coordinate urban and rural social endowment insurance,the timing of establishment,and the design of institutional models,the fund-raising model and the pension payment model,combined with my country's national conditions,make suggestions for the overall planning of rural social endowment insurance in my country.The unification of the urban and rural social endowment insurance system is a gradual process.my country must adopt a "step-by-step" strategy to establish a multi-level,unified system of urban and rural social endowment insurance.Fifth,from the perspective of the system,the current rural social endowment insurance system and the urban social endowment insurance system both adopt the "social pooling +personal account" model.Therefore,the two systems have the same homology and provide a system for urban and rural pooling.Feasibility of the level.By constructing a mathematical model,the system design and feasibility analysis of my country's overall urban and rural social endowment insurance system are carried out,and based on the feasibility analysis,the implementation plan and policy measures for my country's overall urban and rural social endowment insurance system are proposed.Firstly,this article establishes a population forecasting model to predict the future population of my country's rural areas;secondly,it uses time series models and multiple linear regression models to estimate the future per capita disposable income and fiscal revenue of rural residents in my country.The nominal replacement rate of the social pooling part of the rural social endowment insurance system is increased to the fiscal funds required by the urban social endowment insurance system,and compared with China's current fiscal revenue,it is found that China's central government is fully capable of paying for it.Under the 35% replacement level,the central basic pension expenditure only accounts for 4.88% to 7.37% of the total revenue of the central government.Finally,a policy simulation on individual accounts found that under the proportional payment system,rural residents can pay early and make long-term contributions.Greatly improve the effect of personal account pension protection.Sixth,based on the above-mentioned design of the overall urban and rural social endowment insurance system,the implementation plan for establishing a coordinated urban and rural social endowment insurance system is a "step-by-step" strategy: first,the nominal replacement rate of the rural social endowment insurance system is increased to that of the urban social endowment insurance.The system is the same,and then the income of rural residents will be increased through strategies such as rural revitalization.At the same time,optimize the personal account design of rural social endowment insurance,and guide rural residents to expand the payment of personal endowment insurance accounts,so as to improve the protection capacity of individual accounts in rural social endowment insurance.When the income of rural residents is similar to that of urban residents,the actual replacement rate of the rural social endowment insurance system is raised to be the same as that of the urban social endowment insurance system,in order to complete the "unification" of my country's urban and rural social endowment insurance system.Pension insurance is an important part of my country's social security system,and finance,as the foundation and important pillar of national governance,will inevitably play an increasingly important role in the pension insurance system.It is believed that with the continuous improvement of the socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics,through the formulation and implementation of a social pension insurance system that balances urban and rural areas,my country will surely achieve the goal of "common prosperity". |
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