Study On The Impact Of The Specialized Agricultural Services On Farm Households' Land Scale Management Behavior And Performance

Since the reform and opening-up,Chinese agriculture has made great achievements and thus made a huge contribution to solve hurmer issue.However,with China' s economic grouth being the new normal,Chinese agricultural products have increasing lower international competitiveness and it becomes difficult to increase farmers' income.This is partly because farm size in China is small and fragmentary.Therefore,in this context,it is important to improve land rental market and the land operation scale.To this end,Chinese government issues a series of policies aimed to support specialized agricultural services development,which contributes to the agricultural integrated production capacity and agricultural economic grouth.Specialized agricultural services can be involved in every part of the agricultural production process.The services have the function to improve the external environment of the agricultural production and change the condition of farmers'production decisions,which affects farmers' operation and management choices and thus associated agricultural production performance.So there is some question to be answered.What are the characteristics of the evolution of specialized agricultural services policy at the national level?What is the impact on land scale management?Can specialized agricultural services effectively alleviate the constraints of land scale management,influencing the decision-making of land scale management at the household level?Does this have an impact on agricultural performance?The answers to these questions can provide scientific instruction for developing appropriately scaled and improving the agricultural management system,which has important theoretical significance and policy implications.In this study,we first analyze and summarizes the evolution of specialized agricultural services policy and land scale management policy,in order to find out the institutional reasons for the specialized agricultural services and land scale management.Theoretically,based on the agricultural household models and the economies of scale theory,we put forward the research framework of the matching between specialized agricultural service and land resource,and then analyzed the impact mechanism of specialized agricultural services on household's decision-making of land scale management behavior and agricultural performance.Empirically,from the farm households' decision-making perspective,based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS2016)and farm households survey in two counties of Jiangsu Province,China,we verified this mechanism of the impact of specialized agricultural services on land scale management and agricultural performance.Finally,we summarize the research conclusions and put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.The main conclusions are as follows:First,the key focus for specialized agricultural services policy is land scale management.(1)From the policy external attributes,in the field of specialized agricultural service,the policy development has experienced four periods:system innovation,policy breakthrough,gradual improvement,and comprehensive promotion.There is an increasing of importance of specialized agricultural services.(2)From the policy text content,specialized agricultural services policy shows the different characteristics of the indifferent period,the environment-side policy tools are the primary implementation chosen to enact policy objectives,the policy tool structure is not reasonable.(3)From the relationship of evolution,specialized agricultural services policy serves land scale management in general in the process of policy evolution.Stage ?(1978?1983),during the early stage of the household contract responsibility system,land transfer was prohibited,and specialized agricultural services were for small farm households.Stage ?(1984?2007),the central government has gradually eased restrictions on land transfer,encouraged the development of non-profit specialized agricultural services,and guide the farmland concentration.Stage?(2008-2013),the policy develops the public service and for-profit service of specialized agricultural services,and guide to cultivating new types of agribusinesses,promote land to concentrate on large and specialized family businesses,family farms,and farmer cooperatives.Stage IV(2014?2018),the policy improve specialized agricultural services to encourage small household farmers to become involved in modern agriculture,and develop appropriately scaled agricultural operations of various forms.Secondly,specialized agricultural services have a significant positive impact on farm households' decision-making of land transfer.(1)Theoretically,we construct a farm household model considering the factors of specialized agricultural services and land.Through model reasoning,it is assumed that increasing the input of specialized agricultural services will promote farmers to increase the input of land factors.In other words,specialized agricultural services have a positive impact on farm households'decision-making of land scale management.(2)Empirically,the analysis shows that specialized agricultural services have a significant positive impact on farm households'land transfer in,which indicates that specialized agricultural services should be further developed to promote the scale and modernization of agriculture.Thirdly,the joint effect of specialized agricultural service and farming scale have a significant positive on agricultural technical efficiency.(1)Specialized agricultural service is positively related to agricultural technical efficiency,which shows that specialized agricultural service,as a new factor of production,plays a positive role in agricultural production.(2)There are differences in agricultural technical efficiency among different farm households:there is a reverse relationship between technical efficiency and farming scale,namely small farmers tend to be more technically efficient than large scale commercial producers.(3)The results further show that specialized agricultural service is positively related to technical efficiency,but the effects for farmers with different land scale are not equal.The effect of specialized agricultural service on large-scale commercial producers is more technically efficient than small farmers.Fourthly,the joint effect of specialized agricultural service and farming scale have a significant positive on farm households' income level.(1)Specialized agricultural services have a positive impact on increasing per capita household income,specifically,specialized agricultural services have a positive impact on increasing per capita agricultural income and per capita wage income.(2)The effects of specialized agricultural service for farm households with different land scale are not equal,for the per capita income and agricultural income,the effect of specialized agricultural service on large scale commercial producers is higher than small farmers.(3)Specialized agricultural service help to alleviate the farmers'income inequality.According to our findings,firstly,we should further improve the specialized agricultural service,strengthening policy support to supplement service content and improve service ability.Secondly,cultivate new types of agribusinesses,develop appropriately scaled agricultural operations of various forms,and improve agricultural competitiveness.Thirdly,the favorable policy should be adopted in order to adjust the small household farmers' operation patterns,we should establish the farmer cooperatives to encourage small household farmers to become involved in modern agriculture.This paper discusses the constraints in realizing land scale management from the perspective of farm households'decision-making.The theoretical analysis and empirical analysis are developed for the effect of specialized agricultural service on farm households'land scale management behavior and agricultural performance.The findings have important theoretical and practical value for improving agricultural production efficiency,increasing peasants' income and promoting the development of agricultural modernization.This paper puts forward the research framework of the matching between specialized agricultural service and land resource,which has certain reference significance for future related research.