| The national "14th Five-Year Plan" points out that it is necessary to break the barriers to the flow of resources,improve the comprehensive carrying capacity of central cities and the ability to optimize the allocation of resources,and strengthen the radiating role of central cities in driving regional development.In view of the fact that there is a big gap between the four regional central cities in Northeast China,Harbin,Changchun,Shenyang and Dalian,and the regional central cities in developed regions,and their role in radiating and driving peripheral regions is limited,it is of certain practical significance to cultivate and develop a group of local central cities to optimize the spatial pattern of cities and towns in Northeast China and promote high-quality coordinated development of regions.Local central cities refer to prefecture-level cities or counties and county-level cities that have a certain scale of development and have a radiating effect on the surrounding areas,and are able to coordinate the relationship between the surrounding areas and the regional central city,and form a clear division of labor and cooperation relationship with the regional central city.At the same time,the development of cities has entered a new stage,and improving the quality of urban development has become an important way to enhance the comprehensive carrying capacity of cities.Urban efficiency is an important index to measure the quality of urban development.The local central cities’ efficiency refers to the full utilization and efficient allocation of urban input factors under certain production technology conditions in the development process of local central cities,so as to pursue the best running state of urban economic system,social system and ecological system.Exploring the spatio-temporal evolution pattern and influencing factors of local central cities’ efficiency can provide theoretical and practical basis for accurately "implementing policies" to improve the quality of urban development.This paper takes Northeast China as the research scope.On the basis of clarifying the connotation of local central cities,this paper takes county area as the research unit and uses multi-perspective comparative research to identify local central cities in Northeast China and divide its hinterland.Based on multi-source data such as population census data,statistical yearbook,remote sensing image data and transportation network data,this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution pattern and influence mechanism of local central cities’ efficiency since 2000 by using mathematical models such as super efficiency SBM model,Tobit model and exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis,and puts forward suggestions on ways to improve the efficiency of local central cities in Northeast China.The main findings are as follows:(1)Based on the four regional central cities of Harbin,Changchun,Shenyang and Dalian in Northeast China,18 local central cities of Daqing City,Jilin City,Anshan City,New Chwang City,Qiqihar City,Chifeng City,Jinzhou City,Fuxin City,Jiamusi City,Mudanjiang City,Tongliao City,Antong City,Yanji City,Tonghua City,Liaoyuan City,Hulun Buir City,Baicheng City and Heihe City,including 17 prefecture-level cities(municipal districts)and 1county-level city(Yanji),are identified by the method of combining two perspectives.The spatial distribution of the local central cities is balanced,and the local central cities has formed a relatively close relationship with the regional central city and the hinterland city,and the role of "connecting the past and the next" in the urban system has initially emerged.(2)The average efficiency of local central cities in Northeast China has not reached the effective level,and 11 of them have efficiency loss in different degrees.The coordinated development degree of economic,social and environmental systems needs to be improved,and the pull to improve the efficiency of hinterland cities is insufficient.Local central cities need to enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation,improve economic efficiency,reduce energy consumption and land waste,further optimize the allocation of resources,and enhance the ability of local central cities to lead the hinterland cities in scientific and technological innovation services.There are certain differences in the efficiency level of local central cities of different sizes and types.The larger the scale of local central cities,the higher the efficiency level of urban hinterland cities,the lower the efficiency level of local central cities of old industrial types,the greater the fluctuation of efficiency level of local central cities of old industrial types,and the overall stability of local central cities of non-old industrial types.(3)The overall efficiency of local central cities in Northeast China has been improved,and the improvement rate of local central cities is greater than that of general cities and regional central cities.The continuous optimization of resource allocation and technological development jointly promote the improvement of local central cities’ efficiency.The smaller the scale of local central cities’ efficiency,the greater the improvement.The efficiency level of the old industrial type local central cities is improved later than that of the non-old industrial type local central cities,but the improvement rate is higher than that of the non-old industrial type local central cities.The efficiency of local central cities in Northeast China is spatially dependent on the surrounding cities,and the agglomeration type is quite different.The efficiency level of most local central cities is higher than that of the surrounding cities for a long time,and the radiating driving effect of these local central cities on the efficiency of the surrounding cities needs to be further improved.(4)Economic scale,advanced industrial structure,infrastructure construction level,scientific and technological innovation input and ecological environment quality have a direct promoting effect on the efficiency development of local central cities in Northeast China.The influence of all factors on local central cities has been greatly improved under the interaction of two factors.The direct influence of the rationalization level of industrial structure,the level of opening up to the outside world and the degree of government intervention on the efficiency of local central cities is not significant,but it has a strong indirect influence.(5)To improve the efficiency level of local central cities in Northeast China,it is necessary to take into account the guidance at the macro level and the "city-specific policy" at the specific city level,and pay attention to the coordinated improvement of efficiency of local central cities and hinterland cities.Starting from optimizing the spatial pattern of regional cities and towns,local central cities will be taken as the growth pole of high-quality development in Northeast China,breaking through the constraints of provincial and municipal administrative boundaries,improving the interest coordination mechanism among cities,and promoting regional coordination and cooperation.Coordinate the development layout of local central cities and hinterland cities,break down the interest barriers and policy barriers between cities,and clarify the efficiency change characteristics and efficiency loss factors of local central cities and hinterland cities.We will strengthen the overall strength of local central cities and their ability to promote external development,promote the optimal allocation of factors among regions,and work together to improve the efficiency of central cities and hinterland cities,so as to promote high-quality regional development.This study constructs a theoretical framework for the identification and efficiency measurement of local central cities from the county scale.Based on a variety of research perspectives,local central cities are identified and their hinterland areas are divided.Efficiency characteristics of local central cities in different provinces,regions,different city sizes and different types are studied,differences and connections of efficiency of cities at different levels are explored,and the influencing mechanism and development path of efficiency of local central cities are revealed.Further enrich and improve the perspective of local central cities identification and efficiency research system,and provide theoretical and empirical support for improving the efficiency of local central cities and promoting the high-quality development of Northeast China. |
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