| Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China’s economic activities have shown a highly spatial concentration trend,and the unbalanced characteristics of regional spatial structure have become increasingly obvious,The structure of city is changing from single center to multi center,and the spatial structure of city presents the trend of network,and governments pay more and more attention to space management to promote regional economic development.At the same time,the number and scale of China’s Central Business District are showing a blowout growth,and every prefecture-level city in China has CBD or under planning.As a special form of spatial organization,what role does the Central Business District play in the reconstruction of regional spatial structure? Does the CBD promote the change of regional spatial structure in different spatial scales in China? What is the influence mechanism of CBD on regional spatial structure? These are the new issues that the new economic geography,urban economics,regional economics and policy makers are concerned about.Clarifying the relationship between CBD development and regional spatial structure will help policy makers to formulate more effective regional development and spatial management policies.Based on the theory and the reality of China,this paper first analyzes the influence mechanism of the central business district on the regional spatial structure,combined with the development status,problems and spatial characteristics of the central business district in China,and then uses the relevant data and some micro data of the prefecture level cities of the central business district from 2009 to 2017,we using multiple reasons and result model to built a Central Business District development index,and uses the Spatial Durbin Model to investigate the following aspects:(1)the influence of Central Business District on the location decisions of residents and enterprise;(2)the influence of Central Business District on regional spatial structure;(3)the influence of Central Business District on urban network spatial structure;(4)the influence of CBD on industrial spatial distribution,industrial structure and regional specialization;(5)the influence of CBD on regional traffic network structure.The results show that:First,the development of the Central Business District in local and neighboring regions has significantly promoted the local land price,real estate price,rent price,land function,employment density,residential population density,home market effect,price index effect and crowding effect.That is,the development of local and neighboring CBD has a significant impact on the site selection of local residents and enterprises,so CBD has a significant impact on the regional spatial economic structure.Second,the development of CBD has a significant promoting effect on regional single center degree,urban scale,economic density and urban ranking order.The influence of CBD development on city rank,economic density and city rank index is obviously higher than that on single center degree of core area,single center degree of municipal area and city scale.Third,the development of CBD promotes the network density of urban spatial network under different spatial scales,and strengthens the imbalance of the whole urban network.To some extent,the development of CBD promotes the control of central city in the whole urban network spatial structure.The development of CBD has promoted the control of single city to other cities and the core position in the entire urban network structure,meanwhile exacerbate the imbalance of entire urban network structure.Fourth,the development of central business district has a significant role in promoting the industrial scale within the region,the proportion of regional industrial scale,the upgrading of industrial structure,the regional relative specialization index,the regional specialization index and the industrial spatial concentration index..The development of the adjacent CBD promotes the local industrial scale,industrial structure upgrading,regional relative specialization index and inter-regional specialization index,but significantly inhibits the proportion of local industrial scale and industrial spatial concentration.Fifth,the development of CBD has significantly affected the regional traffic network structure.Specifically,it promotes the occupational and residential balance coefficient,commuting efficiency,average annual passenger flow of subway and bus,the number of bus stations within 2 kilometers around the CBD,the number of bus stations within 5 kilometers around the CBD,and the traffic congestion index.Sixth,there are significant spatial spillover effects and regional interaction in regional economic activities and regional spatial structure.The spatial location of residents and enterprises,regional spatial form,spatial network structure,regional industrial spatial structure and traffic network spatial structure all have significant spatial correlation and regional interaction effect.This shows that the economic activities between regions are closely related to the regional spatial structure.The changes of regional spatial structure not only concern the region itself,but also the spatial structure of the whole region.Based on the theoretical mechanism analysis,China’s characteristic facts and empirical research,this paper proposes that should be fully utilized to optimize the regional spatial structure through the Central Business District.For example,the Central Business District can be used as an important way to regulate the spatial location of residents and enterprises,adjust the urban spatial structure and form,and improve the comprehensive competitiveness of the city.At the same time,it can also be used as an important means to strengthen the development of urban spatial network and optimize the spatial structure.The construction and development of the Central Business District should have a global awareness and the concept of win-win cooperation,and the development and spatial structure between cities should have the basic characteristics of "one prosperity and all prosperity,and one loss and one loss".Therefore,the future urban development should establish an all-round docking integration mechanism of regional and industrial planning,policies and regulations. |
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