Research On The Influence Of Spatial Form Of Small Town Central Business District On Building Energy Consumption

Currently,urban building energy consumption accounts for an important proportion of the world’s energy consumption.Data show that building energy consumption in western developed countries accounts for 30%-40% of total energy consumption,while building energy consumption in my country accounts for about 20% of total energy consumption in the country.Therefore,urban building energy conservation is one of the key points to reduce energy consumption.Due to the special climatic characteristics of winter and summer in hot-summer and cold-winter zone in my country,it is necessary to not only meet the requirements of heat protection in summer,but also to keep warm in winter.Air conditioning is used frequently and for a long time,and the energy consumption of urban buildings is generally high.With the rapid development of urbanization in small towns located in this climate zone,their building energy consumption has also been at a relatively high level.Compared with big cities,small towns have formed unique urban architecture and energy usage habits.Therefore,the low-carbon and energy-saving design of buildings in small towns in this climate zone should be targeted.In addition to the macro-urban-scale level and the micro-building-scale level,in recent years,some scholars have also begun to carry out research on building energy consumption from the meso-block scale.The study of building energy consumption from the city block level can effectively and flexibly realize energy saving and carbon reduction,and has gradually become a key part of low-carbon city planning.At the same time,people have gradually realized the linkage mechanism between the architectural spatial form and carbon emissions.In the field of urban planning,reshaping the urban spatial form and its internal connections has become an important spatial strategy for reducing carbon emissions.At the current block scale,the research on the coupling relationship between morphology and building energy consumption is mostly concentrated on the block level and the residential area level that do not distinguish specific functions.Although there are some studies on public building energy consumption,they are mainly concentrated in office buildings and commercial buildings.In terms of research on individual public buildings such as buildings,as a whole,the research on the influence of the form of the central business district on building energy consumption is still lacking.In order to explore the influence of group morphology in the central business district on building energy consumption,this study takes small towns in hot-summer and cold-winter zone as the research object.Based on nuclear density analysis and morphology,the central business districts of small towns in this climate are identified and analyzed.A summary of typical spatial forms.Because of the regional climate characteristics,the microclimate of the central business district is closely related to the heat dissipation rate of the building,and it will also have an important impact on outdoor comfort and building energy consumption.In this paper,by simulating the microclimate environment of the central business district of the central business district,the relationship between its spatial morphological parameters and the microclimate elements is preliminary discussed.Then the obtained local climate data is coupled to the energy consumption model to obtain the corresponding energy consumption data,and the numerical simulation technology is used to evaluate and analyze the effect of various physical space morphological parameters and control indicators such as building composition,building density and floor area ratio on microclimate elements and building energy.The impact mechanism of consumption.Finally,based on the analysis and conclusions,combined with some of the existing results,with the goal of low energy consumption and high comfort,summarized the design guidelines for the space morphology of small towns’ central business districts for climate-adaptive design in urban planning and design practices,and Propose corresponding low-carbon optimization strategies.