Research On The Optimal Path Of Layout Of Disaster Prevention And Refuge Sites In Downtown Area Based On Synergy Theory

In recent years,it occurs frequently and threats continue to increase for all over the world,and the population is highly concentrated that result the impact of disasters is relatively serious in the central urban areas of cities.Can be quickly evacuated and ensure the safety of residents during disastersduring disasters that has become the important content to measure up the disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of cities.However,it has some problems such as “the number of venues is too small,the scale isn’t enough large,the type isn’t complicated,the scale of services is too large,and there is no connection between the venues" of disaster-prevention shelters for the current layout in some urban centers,which makes it unable to meet the residents’ refuge needs,so it should be guided by the layout of disaster prevention and shelters,and builded a comprehensive coordination system with the goal,a comprehensive coordination path of the layout of disaster prevention and shelters provide a basis for the optimization of the layout of disaster prevention and shelters.it carries out research of "discovering problems-focusing on difficulties-exploring methods-collaborative solutions-comprehensive response" based on the idea,and it discusses the relationship between the coordination theory and the optimal path of disaster prevention and refuge site layout,and builds a comprehensive coordination of disaster prevention and evacuation site layout.The system and path mode optimizes with the method of "allround,multi-angle,and system chain" of disaster prevention and refuge places.At the level of theoretical exploration,through the theoretical research on coordination and the layout of disaster prevention shelters,and it combes different theories and related achievements of disaster prevention shelter layouts,summarizing research deficiencies and enlightenments,and proposing a new perspective on the optimization of coordinated disaster shelter layout optimization;At the level of problem tracing,through the analysis of the layout of disaster prevention and refuge places in the central urban areas of my country’s megacities,and provincial capitals,it summarizes their layout patterns and characteristics,and explores the problems to cause the unbalanced layouts,and learn from different cities such as Nagoya,Taipei and Beijing.The layout experience of disaster prevention and refuge places provides a reference for its layout optimization;At the level of collaborative system construction,it establishes a disaster prevention and refuge site layout optimization reconstruction system firstly,and formulates a reconstruction mechanism from the aspects of "reconstruction necessity,layout strategy and reconstruction guarantee" to provide the reconstruction feasibility and feasibility Theory support.And it proposes a method for restructuring layout patterns based on collaboration theory,and constructs a comprehensive collaborative framework that transform the spatial layout model by a single element to comprehensive collaborative system.The system based on sites with equal scale,ensured by field with accessibility,and supported by non-linear site selection to optimize the layout of disaster prevention and refuge sites.Therefore,it is innovatively proposed that the full consideration which have a decisive influence on the formation of the system,and form "quantity(equality of scale),field(site accessibility),site(non-linear site selection)" layout optimization integrated collaborative path to the sub-systems of refuge scale,refuge site,refuge site selection,etc.in the layout of refuge sites.According to the different effects of each path on the formation of its system,the formation of a self-organized system of disaster prevention and refuge sites that ensures balance,stability,complexity,and network.At the level of planning path refinement,Through the analysis of the comprehensive collaborative path optimization of the layout of disaster prevention and refuge places,the problems are resolved layer by layer in the layout.Firstly,in the"quantity" path analysis stage,it constructed a model to based on “time-space” and suggest the strategy “according to the characteristics of population dynamics,to pay attention to the difference and integration of regional population distribution,and to improve the urban safety space system”.At the same time,it predicted the size of temporary,fixed and central evacuation sites based on the per capita refuge area.Secondly,in the "field" path analysis stage,it constructed a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model and proposed to the strategy "strengthen the use of indoor and outdoor diverse sites,uses GIS to analyze the site and restrictive factors,and selectes the site based on its mutual exclusion and isomorphism relationship,and improves the level of coordination between the site and surrounding facilities";Finally,in the "site" path analysis stage,it constructes a complex network-based layout model based on the relevance,balance,and non-neighboring nature of site network site selection,and improves the strategies "reasonable disaster prevention zones are divided to reduce the long distance refuge,strengthen the relevance of refuge sites of the same level,and improve the network of sites of different levels”.In order to choose a disaster prevention and evacuation site with a nonlinear relationship,The analysis of node degree and clustering coefficient determines the optimal site of disaster prevention and evacuation sites at various levels to use the gephi,which lies the foundation for the overall reconstruction of disaster prevention and evacuation sites.At the overall layout construction level,It optimizes the comprehensive coordination path,put forward indicators to quantify the site itself innovatively,surrounding elements,site and population,and connections between different sites,and established a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation and complex network combination of disaster prevention and refuge site selection methods,and constructed the overall layout model of "coupling multi-path comprehensive coordination",and the comprehensive layout optimization strategy is proposed.It optimizes site selection methods,models and strategies according to its overall layout.It formes an overall layout optimization plan of multi-level integration,clear hierarchy,and the complex network in the downtown area of Tianjin.For the first time,it is clearly proposed to use the method of combining central place theory and Voronoi polygon to divide its service responsibility area,and buildes a multi-mode traffic evacuation system for land,water,and air.The optimization and reconstruction of the layout of disaster prevention and evacuation sites provide residents with sufficient space for evacuation and evacuation.At the same time,a reasonable and complete layout of disaster prevention and evacuation sites and a balanced and stable self-organizing system of disaster prevention and evacuation sites have been formed,it ensures the safety of the entire process of evacuation and evacuation and satisfies the basic needs of residents in the process of evacuation,greatly improves the level of rationalization and comprehensive service capabilities of disaster prevention and refuge sites in various cities,and also improves the comprehensive level of disaster prevention and mitigation in cities,and optimizes the layout of disaster prevention and refuge sites in cities,it also provides theoretical support and lays the foundation for the construction of safe cities and resilient cities.and provides a reference for the optimization of the layout of disaster prevention and refuge places in the central urban areas of various cities.