| Faced with the urban sprawl and the increasingly serious urban traffic problems caused by the sustained and rapid economic growth and fast development of urbanization,advocating the development of metro-led cities and intensive & compact development to form a green,transportation-oriented built environment has become a national strategic need.In order to enhance the value of the land around the station,promote the integrated development of the station and city,and further enhance the vitality of the city,the concept of metro micro-center transportation was brought up.The metro micro-center is a geographical space with full integration and interaction with metro stations,high accessibility,high degree of intensive land use,and multiple urban functions.Considering the characteristics of metro micro-centers,we can study the mechanism of passenger flow and built environment in the scope of general control and site management of metro micro-center,so that we can develop management planning measures to meet the passenger flow demand of metro micro-center.However,there have been few previous studies that systematically and comprehensively carried out theoretical and empirical research on the relationship between the built environment and multi-modal public transport passenger flow characteristics around metro station catchments.To this end,this thesis focuses on the core issue of “The interaction between passenger flow and built environment in urban metro station catchment,how to ensure the effectiveness of metro micro-center construction”.Taking Beijing as an example,massive individual travel data and built environment data were used to capture the characteristics of multi-modal public travel within the metro station catchment,to build the relationship model between metro station passenger flow,bus station passenger flow,shared bicycle passenger flow,and metro-shared bicycle feeder flow and metro-bus feeder flow and built environment,and to explore the evolution mechanism of multi-modal public travel integration within the metro station catchment.The main content of this thesis is shown as follows:(1)In response to the lack of completed open platforms for environmental data in China and the difficulty of data access.Using Wi-Fi probe detection technology,the micro public travel characteristics of the metro station catchment were mined,the accessibility and route selection preferences of travelers’ public travel were evaluated,and the public travel content in the metro station catchment was revealed,which provides a basis for the construction of the factor system of the metro station catchment.Based on Arc GIS software and Python language tools,multi-source data such as shared bicycle data,IC card data,cell phone signaling data,road condition data,interest point data,as well as metro line network,bus line network and urban road network were analyzed and processed,and the indicators system of metro station catchment containing functional indicators,road network indicators and passenger flow indicators was constructed.Taking the 500 m metro core station catchment as an example,the correlation between the indicators and the current characteristics of the metro core station catchment was clarified.This part provides a data basis for the public travel efficiency assessment and multi-modal public transportation system study of the metro station catchment.(2)Based on the 500 m metro core station catchment indicators,the data envelopment analysis method was introduced,and the Bootstrap-Super-DEA,a highly efficient and refined public travel efficiency assessment model,was proposed to reveal the TOD development level of the existing metro core station catchment.The efficiency ranking of the efficient core station catchment is clarified.And then,comparing K-means,Birch and Dbscan clustering methods,the Beijing metro core station catchments were divided into four clusters.The first cluster is inefficient connection-weak connectivity-residence oriented,the second cluster is efficient connection-high connectivity-balanced,the third cluster is efficient connection-weak connectivity-mixed,the fourth cluster is efficient connection-high connectivity-work oriented.Based on the clustering results and considering the shared bicycle connection characteristics of rail stations,the non-motorized extensions of different types of metro core station catchments were delineated as 2000 m,1600m,1600 m,and1700m,respectively.(3)The factor systems of the 500 m core station catchment,85 th percentile feeder station catchment and clustered station catchment were updated,and the Lasso CV,Ridge CV and Elastic Net CV supervised machine learning regression algorithms were used to construct multiple regression models for metro passenger flow,bus passenger flow and shared bicycle flow,as well as metro-shared bicycle feeder flow and metro-bus feeder flow in different station catchments,respectively.The applicability of the metro station catchment travel demand model at different station area ranges was revealed,and the influence degree of indicators on multi-modal public transportation demand was clarified.The results showed that the fitting accuracy of the 85 th percentile feeder station catchment was higher,which provides a basis for the determination of the land-use grooming scope and the relationship between passenger flow and the built environment for the construction of the metro micro-center.(4)Based on the results of regression analysis of multi-modal public travel demand,a three-way integration game model of travelers,shared bicycle operation company and bus operation copany in a multi-modal feeder system at metro station catchment was constructed.The model response to different transportation policies and regulation variables was analyzed with the objective of maximizing the total integration benefits.Combining empirical analysis and sensitivity analysis,the dynamic evolution mechanism of system integration in the case of subsidy policy phasing out was investigated,and the system response mechanism of active regulation policy factors and passenger flow influence factors was explored.The results suggested that a reasonable subsidy attenuation policy for travelers was key to the willingness of the three parties in the system to adopt integrated cooperation.In terms of active adjustment of policy factors and passenger flow influence factors,the recommended values of the factors for the integrated system of metro micro-center connection were obtained by example simulation.It is expected to sort out the relationship between the multi-modal public travel characteristics and the built environment in the metro station catchment,to help urban planners and managers grasp the scope of control and ideas for the construction of metro micro-centers,and reasonably guide the development of cities in the direction of intensive compactness.Lastly,it is hoped that this study can provide a scientific theoretical basis and empirical reference for guiding urban development and renewal,improving the refined traffic management of metro station catchments,expanding the attraction of multi-modal public transportation,etc.in practice. |
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