Literature Study On Unique And Rare Medicines

Compared with traditional common animal and plant medicines and mineral medicines,there are also a large number of rare and precious medicines recorded in many medical classics.Among them,rhinoceroses horn,pearl,amber,hawksbill shell,coral,ivory and agate are widely used in ancient and modern time.They are not only drugs for treating diseases,but also high-quality raw materials for ornaments,medical utensils and other utensils.At the same time,it is an important landmark drug in the history of Silk Road Medicine,Chinese and foreign traditional medicine andcommunication,association and blending" of minority medicine.Moreover,it has been used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine since modern time and has exact curative effect.Therefore,the seven drugs were selected as the research object,and discussed through literature records,medicinal history,ancient and modern clinical application,causes of drug use and cultural phenomena.First,based on the textual research on the disputes of ancient and modern names,the ambiguity of historical origin,the lack of origin in previous studies,the differences of ancient and modern efficacy and other issues in the literature of seven rare and precious drugs,it is concluded that: 1.The rhinoceros horn used by the ancients came from five kinds of rhinoceros,and the domestic production area gradually shrank from north to South until it was completely extinct in China,relying on imports.2.The earliest herbal record of pearl is not Mingyi Bielu,but the Extrinsic Materia Medica by Li Xun of Five Dynasties.It is found that the Pearl used in ancient classic prescriptions specifically refers to sea pearl.3.The word "hawksbill" comes from a foreign language.In ancient books,"dunmou" is hawksbill instead of "amber",and "saba’er" is ambergris,not hawksbill semen.The earliest record of tortoiseshell’s herbal medicine is Supplement to Materia Medica in the Tang Dynasty,not Kaibao herbal medicine in the Song Dynasty.4.The word "Coral" comes from a foreign word.The ancient medicinal coral especially refers to red coral."Langgan" is a coral fossil on land rather than a red coral in the sea.The coral efficacy provisions contained in Supplement to Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty are an erroneous transmission of the Zhucao provisions in Baopuzi.5.The ivory in ancient herbal literature comes from six kinds.The "fragrant ivory" in Tangut is "ivory",and the word "fragrant" is derived from the text.6.Amber and agate are both loanwords.It is found that amber is transformed by the soul of a tiger in Compendium of Materia Medica is actually a myth of the Song Dynasty Novels,and it is proposed that amber and agate are not foreign drugs.7.The contents and differences of neutral taste tropism,efficacy indications,processing identification and contraindications of seven rare and precious drugs in herbal literature were comprehensively combed and studied,and the herbal literature research of seven rare and precious drugs was further improved.Second,the study combed the changes,substitutions and discards of seven kinds of rare and precious drugs in ancient and modern use,took the prescriptions related to rare and precious drugs collected in Taiping Shenghui Fang as an example for data mining and analysis,and took the classic prescriptions and clinical medical cases of modern and contemporary famous experts as examples to draw the conclusion that rhinoceros horn,pearl,amber,hawksbill shell,coral,agate and ivory have rich application records and significant effects in traditional Chinese medicine.At the same time,it focused on the detailed research on the replacement of rhinoceros horn,clarified the historical debate,and put forward that Cimicifuga,as an excellent and cheap substitute of rhinoceros horn which is worth popularizing in modern clinical practice.In addition,the medicinal changes of rare treasures were discussed from three aspects of drug dosage,prescription dosage form and clinical function.Through the study and reflection on the abandonment of rare treasures’ drug function knowledge amendment,unsalable and legal protection,it was revealed that there are still many experiences and potential values that need to be explored by modern science and clinical practice in the application and research of rare treasures’ drugs in the future.Third,the study from the prospected of the discussed causes of their use in medicine the subjectivity and "localization" phenomenon of traditional Chinese medicine in ancient medical communication reflected from the ontology of rare and precious drugs come from four aspects: 1.The development of ancient tribute and trade provided sufficient material support;2.Taoist medicine and Buddhist medicine in ancient China played a role in promoting and integrating the use of rare and precious drugs;3.It has accepted the knowledge about rare and precious drugs in ancient Ayurvedic medicine and Arab medicine,and organically integrated and innovated with the local Central Plains Chinese medicine,realizing the secondary transformation of the "Sinicization" of rare and precious drugs.4.Through the use of modern technology and laboratory research,modern Chinese people reexamined the mechanism and basis of the use of rare and precious drugs in medicine from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,which brought scientific theoretical basis for modern clinical application.Fourth,the cultural inheritance mode of "literature+material objects" on rare treasures circumstantially proves that traditional Chinese medicine culture is rooted in Chinese traditional culture,and reflects the health value of "people-oriented" as a living form of traditional health culture in the long-term historical evolution process.Rare and precious drugs show a multi-cultural inheritance mode of materiality and immateriality in the blend of folk customs,religion,handicrafts,literary language and other different forms,which promotes the reconstruction of traditional Chinese medicine culture and the integration of culture,and highlights the confidence of Chinese culture.And the use of rare and precious drugs in the traditional medical culture of ethnic minorities reflects the "pluralistic and integrated" Chinese National Medical Culture in the process of "writing with objects",which is another example of the Chinese culture that has lasted for thousands of years and is constantly glowing with vitality.