Duan Yucai’s Study Of The Book Of Songs

Based on the systematic and comprehensive collection of the research results of Duan Yucai’s study of The Book of Songs,through careful analysis of specific issues,this article summarizes Duan Yucai’s achievements and deficiencies in the study of Book of Songs in many aspects.The thesis first briefly introduces the predecessors’ research results on Duan Yucai’s study of The Book of Songs,and analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of predecessors’ research.There are four main contents in the main body part:The first chapter is Duan Yucai’s research on the elementary school of The Book of Songs.The research object of this chapter is the text,phonology and exegesis of The Book of Songs in Duan Yucai’s works.Duan Yucai’s research on The Book of Songs began with the summary of the rhyme examples of The Book of Songs,and on this basis,he decided the ancient rhyme part into seventeen parts.The research results of ancient yin laid the foundation for his research on"Shuowen《説文》"and ancient book exegesis.This chapter first summarizes the general situation of Duan Yucai’s research on the rhyme examples of The Book of Songs,and then discusses the pros and cons of his research on the quotation of The Book of Songs from Shuo Wen《説文》,and then observes the changes in the perspectives of the Annotated Book of Songs in the early and late stages,and finally discusses Achievements and deficiencies of the exegetical method of"seeking righteousness from the sound"in Duan Yucai’s exegesis of The Book of Songs.Through inductive analysis and comparing the research results of Duan Yucai with other scholars,it can be seen that most of the research results of Duan Yucai on the rhyming cases of The Book of Songs are reliable,but there are some shortcomings and omissions.Among the methods of exploring the meaning of words,Duan Yucai is best at"seeking the meaning from the sound",that is,to use the sound as a clue to explore the origin of the word’s meaning.Because the pre-Qin classics use false borrowed characters in large quantities,if the original character cannot be found based on the ancient pronunciation,there is a disease of"using the words to harm the literary meaning";if the original character is obtained,it will be relieved.The second chapter is Duan Yucai’s research on the collation of The Book of Songs.First,a brief introduction to Duan Yucai’s collation methods,and then a specific analysis of his collation results.This chapter is divided into three sections,which are Duan Yucai’s collation of"Mao Shi《毛诗》","Mao zhuan《毛传》"and"Zheng Jian《郑笺》","Jing Dian Shi Wen《经典释文》"and"Mao Shi Zhengyi《毛诗正义》",and according to the conclusions of the collation,they are divided into those with reliable conclusions and those with reliable conclusions.There are four categories:unreliable conclusions,doubtful,and mixed truths.Duan Yucai’s achievements in collation studies are mainly manifested in the following two aspects:First,he is a rigorous collation attitude of seeking truth from facts and choosing the good.Every time Duan Yucai draws a conclusion,there will be considerable evidence to support it,and he will never jump to a conclusion.The second is to focus on exploring the reasons for the mishaps.Its mistakes are mainly manifested in sometimes failing to read carefully and compare the similarities and differences between the materials,thus drawing wrong conclusions.The third chapter is Duan Yucai’s research on the names,etiquette and geography of The Book of Songs.The research results of Duan Yucai’s study of The Book of Songs include many aspects.This chapter selects the three aspects that Duan Yucai pays more attention to,natural science,etiquette and geography.In order to highlight the key points,this chapter selects only representative results of Duan’s from the above content,and divides it into three sections for research,namely the study of carriages and horses in The Book of Songs,the study of eating etiquette and shooting ceremony,and the study of geography.When studying the contents of the name,etiquette,and geography in The Book of Songs,Duan Yucai was able to fully grasp the relevant content in the The Book of Songs,and paid attention to combining the relevant sentences in other classics to conduct specific and comprehensive research.Duan Yucai’s shortcomings in this regard are mainly manifested in his failure to notice the problem of foreign objects with the same name.Due to the limitations of the time and other reasons,Duan Yucai’s conclusions sometimes cannot be supported by archaeological objects,and sometimes the judgment of the direction of the river is inconsistent with the actual situation.The fourth chapter is a case study of Duan Yucai and the study of The Book of Songs in Qing Dynasty.Since there were many scholars studying the The Book of Songs in the Qing Dynasty,this chapter selects only a few scholars closely related to Duan Yucai,namely:his teacher Dai Zhen;his fellow student Wang Niansun,and Wang Niansun’s son Wang Yinzhi;his disciple Chen Huan.Several of them are the great masters of the study of The Book of Songs in the Qing Dynasty,and they have an important position in the history of the study of The Book of Songs.This chapter compares the views of Duan Yucai and these scholars,or compares the differences in their academic methods,to see the gains and losses of his research.Comparing Duan Yucai’s research with Dai Zhen,Wang Niansun,Wang Yinzhi and Chen Huan,we can see that Duan’s research has the following characteristics:First,it attaches great importance to"Mao Zhuan《毛传》"and explains it as much as possible.Secondly,he believes in"Shuowen《説文》",and often seeks the words of the scriptures according to the habit of"Shuowen《説文》",and even corrects the scriptures.Finally,they tend to pay attention only to specific verses,but not to summarize the similar examples in The Book of Songs.