| The Song Dynasties were the peak period of Chinese culture and scholarship,and Neo-Confucianism was the most remarkable achievement of philosophy development in this period.Cheng Yi was one of the main founders of Neo-Confucianism.With the help of the ideological resources in zhouyi,he established the ultimate source of the universe by "Li"constructed the reason of heaven,the theory of mind and the theory of effort,and reconstructed the Confucian doctrine,which had a profound influence on the later generations.The core category and way of thinking of Cheng Yi originated from zhouyi.He changed the method of solving Yi in Han and Tang Dynasty,advocated "to understand Yi",dug deep into the philosophical thoughts in Yi-ology,put forward the interpretation principle of "body with one source,microscopic",dialectically integrated the number of images and the theory of Yi,and made pioneering contributions to the development of Yi-ology.In Cheng Yi’s philosophical thoughts,Yi-ology and Neo-Confucianism have a strong interactive relationship and close internal connection.This paper takes the internal relationship as the starting point,grasping the characteristics of Cheng Yi’s thought and exploring the core of his academic mode,which is the only way to deeply understand Cheng Yi’s overall philosophy and also an important way to understand the development of Neo-Confucianism.This paper is divided into four parts.In the introduction part,the history and present situation of the research of Cheng Yi’s philosophy and Yi learning thoughts are briefly reviewed,as well as the research thoughts and theoretical expectations of this paper.By sorting out the history of Cheng Yi’s philosophy and the study of Yi-ology,it can be seen that the current research focuses on the ideological thinkers of Cheng Yi,but few research on his Yi-ology thoughts.To understand the essence of Cheng Yi’s thought,we must start from Yi learning,and to understand Cheng Yi’s thought of Yi learning,we must also grasp the way of thinking of his neo-Confucianism.This paper attempts to analyze the internal relationship between Cheng Yi’s Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism,explore the time needs and philosophical trends of the Neo-Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism Yi-ology,summarize the theoretical logic of Cheng Yi’s neo-Confucianism approach to "Yi",and explore the foundation of Yiology and thinking logic behind the construction of the core concepts of Cheng Yi’s Neo-Confucianism.Chapter 1:"The interaction between Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism times demand and philosophical trend".It is mainly divided into two parts.One is to discuss the urgency of the interaction between Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism.Cheng Yi’s thought of Yi learning has the distinct characteristics of The Times.In the middle period of the Northern Song Dynasty,the social crisis,the disintegration of values,the decline of Confucianism and other issues are interwoven,presenting three characteristics:the increasingly heavy political crisis and the historical opportunity of literati governing the country,the double demands of values and ethics disorder and political society calling for new thoughts,the fierce conflict and coexistence of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.Scholar-officials campaigned for political reform and cultural revival of Confucianism to resist Buddhism.Cheng Yi responded to the problem with a strong sense of responsibility,value and innovation to resolve the conflict and crisis.His thoughts were formed in this kind of background.The second is to explore the historical inevitability of interaction between Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism.Confucianism from the Han Dynasty to the early Northern Song Dynasty,has been on the decline,in addition to the impact and challenge of the Wei and Jin metaphysics and foreign Buddhist thought,and The Times environment and its own philosophical system are related.After thousands of years of development,Confucianism cannot start from scratch without its own resources.If it does not rely on the classics,it is like a tree without roots.How to choose the appropriate Confucian classics and interpret them with the new interpretation paradigm,so as to promote the evolution of thoughts and open new ones has become the key.In this process,zhouyi became one of the most valued classics by the thinkers of the Northern Song Dynasty.The simple philosophical thoughts formed in the development of zhouyi made zhouyi,especially Yi Zhuan,integrate the thoughts of pre-Qin scholars to construct a theoretical system that initially integrated the way of heaven and humanity,nature and society.It also had theoretical concerns about the life of the way of heaven,and had a unique ideological and epochal compatibility for the construction of Neo-Confucianism.The third is a brief review of Cheng Yi’s life and learning process,and a brief explanation of the process of Cheng’s Yi Zhuan.Chapter 2:"the interpretation of highly Neo-Confucianism".It is mainly divided into three parts,which deeply discusses Cheng Yi’s continuance and breakthrough of the development of Yi learning in the great era and academic background,and opens the way of neo-Confucianism of Yi learning.One is to explore Cheng Yi’s view of Yi learning with obvious Neo-Confucianism,and grasp Cheng Yi’s views and fundamental views on zhouyi.The view of Yi learning is the ideological foundation of Yi scholars,which determines the value understanding of zhouyi,as well as the theoretical orientation and academic path of the governance of Yi.In Cheng Yi’s opinion,zhouyi is a book that carries the Tao.Its characteristic is "changing easily at any time to follow the Tao".It emphasizes that "this book is the Tao of Yi" and "if one does everything in heaven,it is Yi Yi" in order to confirm the essence of this sage classic,namely the meaning of sage,which is to explore the Tao of changing and the study of heaven and man with ontological value.Cheng Yi’ s interpretation of Yi with the explanation of Tao and Yi is an inevitable theoretical choice for the development of Yi learning and philosophy and history for the Song neo-Confucianists who constructed neo-Confucianism and pioneered the authentic Yi learning of Confucianism.And Cheng Yi is the representative figure of the creation and deepening of this kind of theoretical choice with the significance of The Times.The second is to focus on the analysis of Cheng Yi’s interpretation of the Sutra.For ancient Chinese philosophy,footnote has always been one of the important ways of expression,as well as an important philosophical carrier.In the history of Yi learning,Cheng Yi is one of the iconic figures.In terms of the method of managing Yi,Cheng Yi accepted and inherited the method of interpreting Yi by the author of Yi Zhuan,and interpreted Yi with the rich philosophical interpretation way of Yi Zhuan,which broke the method of annotating the Yi by every word and sentence in Han and Tang Dynasties,and realized the breakthrough of Yi learning.The philosophical thoughts of zhouyi were clarified,and the method of interpreting Yi was carried on and made new.Third,the unity between the image number and the concept of "one source of body use".Cheng Yi takes reason as the body and image as the use,and reason is contained in the image.In terms of the relationship between reason and image,he believes that reason is the most fundamental.On the basis of recognizing the dialectical unity of the two,he can give full play to the role of image number,and makes a systematic summary of the debate on speech,image and meaning in Yi learning since the Han and Tang Dynasties.Chapter 3:"the construction of Neo-Confucianism under the consideration of Yi learning".It is mainly divided into three parts,following the logic of the construction of his neo-Confucianism,from the three aspects of heaven theory,life theory and time theory,to sort out the close interaction between Cheng Yi’s neo-Confucianism and Yi learning in the formation process,and explore the construction of neoConfucianism under the consideration of his Yi learning.The first is to be thoughtful about the philosophical theory of the eye and the sky,which is that "Yi is easy when it is done".Standing on the Confucian standpoint,Cheng Yi,with the help of the abundant ontological resources and the vast theoretical interpretation space in the Yi learning,inherited the philosophical thoughts of the Yi learning of the sages such as Wang Bi and Kong Yingda,and at the same time abandoned the theoretical viewpoint of the Qi theory of the scholars and followed the basic theoretical framework of the ontology.Taking "Li" as the concept of noumenon confirms the immateriality of the pure conceptual law of noumenon,and takes the law of unity of opposites as the connotation of noumenon,affirms the absoluteness and universality of noumenon and rules the natural society,heaven and human life.In this paper,the source of Cheng Yi’s thought of "body with one source" is summarized in a long length.Cheng Yi inherited the elaboration of noumenon thought in the ancient classics of zhouyi by the author of Yi Zhuan,and further deepened and renewed the noumenon "principle" for Yi Dao.The key of his ontological logic to connect heaven and earth is the idea of "body with one source".From the perspective of theoretical origin,Cheng Yi uses a theoretical framework of no connection between the source and the end.Indirectly,land deeds correspond to the isomorphism of the source and the end of Wang Bi and balance its respect for the source and the end of its meaning,and replaces Kong Yingda’s cosmological schema of "there is nothing" with the use of the body and dispel its metaphysical legacy.Directly speaking,it was the theoretical deepening and improvement of the body application theory of zhouyi co-invented by Hu Yuan Ming,rather than Buddhism.Second,with the help of extensive and profound Yi learning resources,Cheng Yi paid attention to the unification of heaven and man with "principles",opened a new theory of life from "principles of life",and realized the logic closed-loop unity of heaven and man from noumenal principles to noumenal principles.The existence significance and ideological value of traditional Confucian morality and ethics have obtained the solid theoretical support of metaphysics.It should be said that Cheng Yi,based on the Confucian academic standpoint of pure ontology,namely the theory of heaven,developed a new theory of life through the theory of nature.The third is the classical theory of"respect with straight inside,justice with outside".Cheng Yi completed the philosophical logic demonstration of "respect" through the "eight items" of "University" time theory.He made a creative interpretation of Yi Zhuan’ s "respect is straight inside,justice is straight outside" with the concept of body and application,realizing the unity of respect and inside and outside,especially establishing the core and dominant position of "respect" in the work of"straight inside","right heart" and"righteousness is straight outside".Chapter 4:the theoretical value of the interaction between Yi Learning and Neo-Confucianism.It is mainly divided into two parts.One is to construct and deepen the academic paradigm of interaction between Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism.Cheng Yi took zhouyi as the core theoretical resource to construct the heaven theory,and highly philosophized the ontological thought contained in zhouyi,and demonstrated the Confucian ideal of famous education from the ontological level.Dialectical grasp of the relationship between "speech,image and meaning",the integration of image number and theory,the realization of the two schools of Yi theory and theory in the internal theoretical meaning of the integration.The mutual interpretation and interpretation of Yi learning and Neo-Confucianism influenced the philosophers in the Song and Ming Dynasties and became a paradigm of learning,which profoundly influenced the development of Chinese philosophy.Second,create and carry forward a new mode of cultural inheritance and development.Faced with the social crisis,the disintegration of values,the decline of Confucianism and other problems in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty,especially the practical needs of the ideological revival of Confucianism and the resistance to Buddhism,Cheng Yi perceptively and accurately found zhouyi,a theoretical carrier that integrated the thoughts of various families and was regarded as a classic.Through the interpretation of zhouyi,with the help of its huge theoretical space,he absorbed and integrated the thoughts of both Buddhism and Taoism.The distinctive proposition of Yi learning dispels the value conflict between Buddhism and Confucianism,and finally forms a new discourse system based on Yi learning as the framework,Confucian values as the orientation,integrating Yi Buddhism and Taoism and other theories.On the basis of the original discourse system,theoretical reconstruction is realized,and a new mode of cultural inheritance and development is innovated.The spiritual tradition of Confucianism realizes reshaping and new development under the theory of Daoism.Although its ideological content has distinct limitations of The Times and dregs from the perspective of Marxist scientific view of history,this mode of cultural inheritance and innovation undoubtedly has a very strong reference significance for us to face the collision of Eastern and Western culture,tradition and contemporary civilization. |
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