| Dostoevsky(Фёдор Михаилович Достоевский,1821-1881)achieved the aesthetic ideal of suffering in his unique way in the context and cultural background of his own country.He searched for suffering in the beauty of cruelty,so that people must go through the baptism of suffering,Therefore,this is a philosophical and speculative beauty that can only be extracted from suffering.This kind of suffering with religious fatalism shines with beauty under the observation of aesthetic ideas.At this time,suffering is no longer the concept that always puts people in the abyss of pain in ethics.Whether it is spiritual and emotional "purification",or physiological venting,the aesthetic of suffering has shifted from initial pain and oppression to detachment,and ultimately obtained a sense of relief.Dostoevsky’s belief in God and his preference for suffering,a religious aesthetic ideal,have been clearly reflected in his works,and have achieved the suffering aesthetics in Dostoevsky’s literary creation.This thesis focuses on the suffering in Dostoevsky’s literary works,studies the aesthetic object of suffering in his literary works,peel off the elements of suffering from the his works and conduct a genealogical study to discover the ideas and creative ideas within them.This thesis will start from the following three aspects: the aesthetic tradition of suffering in Russian literature,Dostoevsky’s aesthetic pedigree of suffering,and the aesthetic object of suffering aesthetics in Dostoevsky’s literary creation.The suffering of Russian history has also become a resource for its literature.The Russian nation spends most of its time traveling with suffering: suffering from faith,suffering from cold and barren regions,and suffering from frequent Russian national wars.To this day,suffering still exists.What this thesis focuses on is the suffering in Dostoevsky’s literary works in the 19 th century literature.1.Russian literature has the aesthetic tradition of suffering.The source of suffering in Russian literature is related to history,which is a reflection,writing,and presentation of the suffering in historical culture.Russian culture highlights a sense of suffering and it is closely connected with western culture.Christianity has a great influence on Russian culture,and Russian literature has also been deeply affected,often involving themes of suffering.2.The aesthetic pedigree of suffering in Dostoevsky’s literary creation is the most important theoretical point of this thesis.The aesthetic pedigree of suffering is a refinement of the care for suffering in Dostoevsky’s works,and its content and depth increase layer by layer with Dostoevsky’s personal experience and ideological transformation.This paper mainly studies the aesthetic pedigree of Dostoevsky’s suffering from four aspects: first,the embodiment of Dostoevsky’s attitude to human nature in his literary creation,the good of human nature,the evil of human nature,or the human nature hovering on the edge of good and evil;The second is to explore the source of the double sufferings of his spirit and body: his personal tragic feelings,suffering led to the change of his thinking mode of salvation,holy disease,exile,poverty of life,and so on.From the aesthetic content of suffering,Dostoevsky’s personal experience and his own suffering are part of the aesthetic in the future.Relevant documents can be used as the reason for the establishment of the aesthetic of suffering;The third aspect is the study of his literary school and his own value orientation,which is very important for refining the suffering aesthetics in his literary creation.It can be said that Dostoevsky is a suffering saint(Native soil conservatism)coming out of the "soil",and a Utopian visionary advocating Freedom and fraternity;Finally,there are three dimensions of suffering aesthetics in Dostoevsky’s literary creation: religious dimension,ideological dimension and literary dimension.Dostoevsky put his yearning for faith and doubts into his works on religious themes.Facing the suffering of Russia directly from the ideological dimension of "realism" and "idealism",revealing and exploring the full depth of human soul.His reflection of "suffering" in literary language,his narration conveying "suffering Feelings" and "describing itself",and the suffering symbols: literary images with suffering as the cor,All these are his understanding and even pursuit of suffering,and have achieved the unique literary dimension in his works.3.The aesthetic object of suffering aesthetics in Dostoevsky’s literary creation.This chapter will rely on Dostoevsky’s works(The Poor,Sin and Punishment,The Brothers Karamazov,Idiot,etc.)to carry out a specific analysis around the three elements of suffering,repentance and redemption.On this basis,this thesis takes Dostoevsky’s literary creation as the research scope,carries out a deeper study of the aesthetics of suffering,extracts and abstracts the concept of Dostoevsky’s aesthetics of suffering,and make it form a pedigree,system and whole.At present,there is no similar research,which is also the innovation of this thesis,which has certain significance for Dostoevsky’s research and is also a supplement to his research. |
