A Study On The Interaction Between Ethnic Groups In The Ruling Class In Dunhuang During The Reign Of Tub

Dunhuang,as one of the most important hubs of the land Silk Road,has been a place of economic and cultural integration of all ethnic groups since ancient times.In the long historical years,the people of all ethnic groups live on this prosperous land,sometimes fighting for interests,sometimes living in harmony and harmony,forming a colorful picture of ethnic culture in Dunhuang.Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty,many Central Plains ethnic groups have moved into Dunhuang for various reasons,such as garrisoning the border,relegating and avoiding disasters.After hundreds of years of development,they have gradually established themselves in Dunhuang through establishing military exploits in the western regions and passing on Confucianism to the family,become the privileged class of Dunhuang and finally form the Dunhuang clan.From the Han Dynasty to the Sui and Tang dynasties,the Dunhuang clan was not static,some of the great clan gradually declined,the new great clan suddenly rose,such as the earliest Han people who moved to Dunhuang,Cao,failed to survive in the rough history,gradually fell;such as Zhang,Suo,Yin Moved into Dunhuang later than Cao,but can experience hundreds of years in Dunhuang,has been a standing fa Mily.The Dunhuang clans were closely related to the rise and fall of the imperial court,but in the past they did not unite because of the ups and downs of history.The Dunhuang clans were just a general name for the Dunhuang clans who had passed on to Confucianism for generations.It was not until786,when the mighty Tubo conquered Dunhuang with a strong military force,that the great clans of Dunhuang became a unified,co-operative and shared-glory-and-disgrace group.Tubo is a plateau slavery country born and growing at almost the same time as the Tang Dynasty.The Tubo people grew up on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at high altitude.The hard natural environment and barren land make this ethnic group have the good quality of perseverance and bravery.The Tubo people were good at learning from the surrounding countries.Songzan Ganbu sent aristocratic children to learn culture and system from the Tang Dynasty,and introduced Buddhism from India and ordered Tumisambuza to learn from Indian characters to create Tubo,which opened the prelude of Tubo’s writing history.With the expansion of Tubo,she began to focus on external expansion.After the outbreak of an Shi rebellion,Tubo quickly occupied a large area of Helong in the Tang Dynasty,taking advantage of the emptiness of northwest frontier defense.After eleven years of siege,Dunhuang finally surrendered to Tubo peacefully on the condition of "not moving to other places.From then on,Dunhuang began the 62 year Tubo rule period,and the Dunhuang family and the Tubo rulers gradually formed a win-win ruling class of Dunhuang.Based on Parsons’ social action theory and Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital,this paper studies the action strategies of the cooperation between the Tubo and the Han to promote the social development of Dunhuang during the period of Tubo rule in Dunhuang;As the old ruling class of Dunhuang,the Dunhuang ethnic group actively cooperated with the Tubo rulers after the Tubo rule.In the process of cooperation,they gradually strengthened their own strength and finally established the Guiyijun regime.The author divides the 62 years of Tubo rule of Dunhuang into three periods based on the change of action strategies of both actors and the change of power structure in the process of struggle:The early period of Tubo’s rule of Dunhuang was786-796;the middle period of Tubo’s rule of Dunhuang was 797-820;the later period of Tubo’s rule of Dunhuang was 821-848;Throughout the period of Tubo rule,the cooperation between the two sides was not smooth sailing.In the early stage,due to the instability of the newly established ruling class,the Dunhuang uprising continued,and the Dunhuang people lived in dire straits.With the deepening of the cooperation between the two sides,a close relationship was formed.However,with the disintegration of the country caused by Tubo civil strife,Tubo gradually declined,and Dunhuang ethnic groups established the regime of Guiyi army.Tubo rulers and Dunhuang clans are two action groups with different political systems and cultural habitus.Through the establishment and development of Tubo state and the process of Tubo occupation of Dunhuang,this paper analyzes and infers the habits of Tubo rulers,so as to study the strategy formulation and implementation preference of Tubo rulers during the period of Tubo occupation of Dunhuang.As a nomadic people on the plateau,bravery and bravery seem to be their pronouns.From how Tubo built a country through war,how Tubo plundered and ruled the surrounding ethnic groups through war,and even fought for land and resources with the Tang Dynasty,we can see that Tubo people’s habits contain two opposite factors:On the one hand,it is the desire to occupy deeply rooted in the soul;on the other hand,it includes tracing back to the origin of Tubo Zanpu-the introduction of Xibuye family and Buddhism,and the introduction of the culture dominated by Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism in the Tang Dynasty into Tubo,especially in the long-term contact and learning process of Tang culture,gradually adding such a factor of "harmony" into its habitus.After hundreds of years of development,many of the Dunhuang clans in the Tubo Period experienced the process of turning from establishing military merit to Confucianism.They had formed the habitus of paying attention to Confucian classics,and their cultural heritage was further improved.These clans showed some characteristics in the Tubo Period,with the core of Confucian benevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdom,faith,forgiveness,loyalty,filial piety and fraternity When Dunhuang clans make decisions,they have a huge impact.This is a vivid history of ethnic exchanges,but also a history of social life of the people of all ethnic groups.The Tubo people rose on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau through study and innovation,and became a country as strong as the Tang Dynasty for a while.The ethnic groups of Dunhuang and the rulers of Tubo united to seek the prosperity and development of Dunhuang society.The cooperation between Tubo and Han promoted the integration of Dunhuang ethnic culture.Historically,many people of all ethnic groups have interacted in the footsteps of peace,friendship or fierce force,These histories are organic components of the Chinese national community and the catalyst of cultural exchange between Minzu.