Local Government’s Governance Of Taiwan Affairs And Social Integration Of Taiwan Compatriots

Why do migrant groups with the same identity have different strategies for social integration in different places?How does the difference of strategy choice affect the social integration effect of this group?As the principal part of governance,what measures should the local government take to achieve positive interaction with this group and promote its integration into the local society?This paper holds that the differences of local governance structure and the relationships between government and society are the key variables to explain the above problems.Focusing on Taiwan compatriots on the mainland,their situation is different from the foreign immigrants and the flow of domestic migrant workers.On the one hand,Taiwan compatriots on the mainland enjoy the benefits Taiwan policy and get the support from the local government in their work and life.On the other hand,Taiwan compatriots on the mainland actually flow between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits,and maintain close social contact with both social spaces,so they show a duality in terms of identity and integration.Therefore,the study of Taiwan compatriots on the mainland is beneficial to enrich the theories related to the study of social integration of migrant population.At the same time,it is of practical significance to improve the policy of benefiting Taiwan and promote the integrated development of the two sides.In order to explain the above problems,this study constructs an analytical framework of "development opportunity--governance structure--the relationships between government and society--participation space--behavior choice".First of all,development timing refers to the different reform timing in different places,which will face different macro institutional environment,which will affect the subsequent institutional structure.Secondly,governance structure refers to the power operation pattern and interactive relationship pattern formed among governance subjects such as the government,the market,social organizations and individuals of the public.Thirdly,the relationship network refers to the interaction mode formed by the government and social organizations in the policy process,also refers to the social relationship network owned by individuals in the social communication.The relationship network is an important path for individuals or organizations to obtain social resources,and its pattern is affected by the governance structure.From the second,individuals and organizations rely on the governance structure,through the relationship network access to opportunity space.Here opportunity space is not only the basic element and means of political activities,but also the "spiritual space" of social activities.Finally,individual behavior is the reflection of individual subjective initiative,but from the perspective of group consistency behavior,the framework of individual action is set by the structure,and social relations.In order to better demonstrate,this study adopts the method of case comparison to compare the situations of Suzhou,Dongguan and Xiamen,and presents the causal relationship between local governance structure and social integration strategy.Data collection mainly uses three methods:literature analysis,semi-structured interview and questionnaire survey.The main targets are Taiwan compatriots on the mainland,including Taiwan businessmen,Taiwan officials,Taiwan students,etc.,as well as relevant government departments,experts and leaders of community social organizations.The sampling method is mainly non-probability sampling,and the specific operation is three methods:proximity method,judgment sampling and snowball sampling.From the specific situation of the case,one is that Suzhou,influenced by the path dependence of "South Jiangsu Model",has formed a two-dimensional governance structure with strong leadership of the county-level government and direct responsibility of the management committee of the development zone.In addition,the political and social relationship of "liberal unification" provides Taiwan compatriots with institutionalized space for the strong alliance between the two sides.Therefore,Taiwan compatriots can realize their interest demands through the Association of Taiwan Comparation.The positive interaction between the Association of Taiwan Comparation and the county-level government helps Taiwan compatriots find a sense of belonging as a "spiritual home" in Kunshan.The second is Dongguan.The special governance structure of " the municipal government has jurisdiction over the county-level government" has contributed to the governance characteristics of"combination of unification and division" in Dongguan.The "facilitative" and"enterprise-oriented" operation logic of the governments,as well as the function of the Taiwan association’s policy service and limited autonomy,constitute the embedded political and social relations.Therefore,Taiwan compatriots’ demands rely more on the political connections between individuals and county-level officials.Therefore,Taiwan compatriots in Dongguan are more of a "club" rather than gathering in the Taiwan Association.Third,Xiamen,with the " cultural origin " of Fujian and Taiwan,has formed a governance structure guided by the political mission with the cooperation of various levels and departments.Xiamen’s work towards Taiwan is service-oriented,Taiwan association is absorbed into the government policy process,which have formed a cooperative relationship.This also enables Taiwan compatriots to truly feel the "first home" sense of intimacy and belonging.Harmonious social atmosphere and social relations,Taiwan compatriots will feel at ease to participate in the society in the form of individuals,unlike other parties need to unite.The theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows:firstly,it explains the behavior choice of Taiwan compatriots from the perspective of local governance structure,which promotes the causal chain of institutional theory,assimilation theory,spatial theory and relation theory,what avoids the paradigm contention among the theories.Secondly,it improves the logic from macro structure to individual behavior,as well as explains the relationship between governance structure and the behavior choice of Taiwan compatriots.Finally,it introduces the perspective of historical institutionalism,which provides a new perspective for understanding the behavior choice of Taiwan compatriots.In general,this paper explores the integration status of Taiwan compatriots in mainland China from the perspective of local governance,and explains the reasons for the differences among different places.At the same time,it also proposes to promote the integration of Taiwan compatriots through local governance,including promoting the institutional learning,policy entrustment,community integration and other ways,so as to promote the integration and development of the two sides from the four dimensions of economy,social interaction,life and psychology.