Study On The Change Of Livelihood Mode Of Panyao In Lanshan

Starting from the traditional livelihood of wood and bamboo management,this paper takes Panyao Community in Lanshan as a case study,and adopts diachronic and synchronic analysis methods with the help of the main line of "livelihood change" and the penetration of bamboo and wood resources,national rights and market as auxiliary lines.The paper discusses the process of livelihood cognition,livelihood transformation and livelihood re-cognition in the historical development of Panyao community in Lanshan.The livelihoods of Panyao in Lanshan range from nomadic farming,agroforestry,farming and settlement to modern diversified means of livelihood,which contains rich local knowledge system construction,complex evolution of local interest relations and cultural adaptation within and outside the ethnic group.By combing the vicissitudes of the blue mountain pan yao way of living,the outreach their habitat and their livelihood,the interaction between thinking and "habitat and livelihood affect how life" this proposition,to reflect on the blue mountains between plate characteristics.provides documents "list over the mountains" is how to condense ethnic cohesion,the ethnic identification to whether there is "the list over the mountains" inside the "ethnic group" should be determined on the basis the pan yao lineage.Panyao’s livelihood in Lanshan is closely related to bamboo and wood resources.Pan Yao’s "Guo Shan Bang" can be traced back to the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty,and bamboo and wood appeared frequently in its documents.It can be seen that before the Tang Dynasty,the wandering farming livelihood of Panyao in Lanshan was closely related to bamboo and wood resources.Since the Song Dynasty,the central dynasty paid more attention to the development of feudal economy,the exchanges between Yao and Han ethnic groups were close,and the livelihood of Pan Yao began to turn to agroforestry.During the Yuan Dynasty,the central dynasty enforced a strict policy of ethnic discrimination,and Panyao was forced to make a living again.Since Ming and Qing Dynasties,xiao water basin timber trade economy prosperity.During this period,Lanshan Panyao took wood and bamboo business as its main livelihood,and was directly involved in the relationship between the dynasty and the local network,thus launching various activities centered on wood and bamboo trading,as well as the collision of people and cultures.After the founding of The People’s Republic of China,the Yao people in The Blue Mountains obtained more land and forest resources to develop agricultural production,and their way of farming and settlement continues to this day.After the reform and opening up,the forest right and land contract right of Panyao in Lanshan were established,and bamboo and wood trading became the main economic source of yao people.After the 1990 s,the livelihood of Panyao community in The Blue Mountains was difficult to transform,and migrant work became the mainstream.As the country pays more and more attention to the protection of resources and ecological environment,the timber trade in Panyao community has become history,and the bamboo trade is also restricted,and the glorious era of traditional bamboo and wood industry has come to an end.After the introduction of a series of continuous poverty reduction policies,the industry development of Panyao Community in Lanshan has changed to some extent,and traditional livelihood methods such as agroforestry are put on the agenda again.To sum up,this paper traces the origin of the livelihood changes in Panyao,responds to a series of realistic problems such as the revitalization of rural industry and national identity,and draws the following conclusions.First,ethnic habitat determines ethnic livelihood.Taking the rise and fall of bamboo and wood resources as the carrier,this paper clarifies the dialectical relationship between market,power and order,and concludes that the revival of real estate industry is the foundation of rural revitalization.Second,the formation of ethnic culture depends on ethnic habitat and livelihood.Through the in-depth analysis of the Pan Yao culture in The Blue Mountains,it is found that the Yao and Han ethnic groups have the same roots and the same origin in history and blend with each other in culture,and it is concluded that the construction of ethnic culture is a long and complicated historical process,and every Chinese should consciously forge the consciousness of the community of the Chinese nation.Third,local knowledge is the decisive force to revive agroforestry.Agroforestry,as a traditional ecological agriculture mode,contains rich elements of traditional farming culture and is a rare resource of agricultural cultural heritage.The integrated development of agroforestry and rural tourism is the only way for panyao to make a living in the future.In addition,through the analysis of ethnic identity theory and field practice,the author found that most of the Panyao mainly take "Guo Shan Pong" as the basis for their ethnic cohesion and convergence,and use it as collective memory and cultural identity to form a community of destiny.It can be said that this study provides an analytical case for the expansion of ethnic boundary theory.