The Critical Theory Of Capital Logic In Das Kapital And Its Manuscripts

Capital logic is the movement law of "Capital" generation,development and evolution.Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic is one of the most important parts of the whole Marxist theory.Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic is based on a multidimensional critique of the theory and practice,history and reality,values and facts of capitalist society,a double character of philosophical criticism and political economy criticism.Marxism spent most of his life studying the general laws of the formation,development and operation of the logic of capital and its complex effects on social reality.“Das Kapital” and its manuscript are two outstanding theoretical masterpieces of the Double Revolution of Marxist philosophy criticism and political economy criticism.Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic runs through capital and its manuscripts.In das Kapital and its manuscripts,Marxism launched a comprehensive critique of capitalist society through an analysis of the trajectory,mechanism,law of evolution and historical fate of the logic of capital.Through “Phenomenology of capital”,Marxism debunked the essence of the logic of capital in order to disenchant capitalist civil society and explore a scientific path for the Freedom and liberation of human society,and in order to confirm the historical development of human society and the inherent stipulation.Taking the textual research of capital and its manuscripts as the starting point,this article mainly carries on the research to Marxism’s capital logic critical theory from the following five aspects: first,it analyzes Marxism’s capital logic critical theory research field of vision.In the overall Marxist theory,Marxism’s theoretical vision has experienced a “Speculative philosophy of the study--the study of state and law--the study of political economy.”.This turn has both methodological and ontological implications in the study of the critical theory of capital logic.The discussion of this turn will be an obvious theoretical expansion between Marxism’s philosophical revolution and the critique of capital logic,and between the study of political economy and historical materialism.Secondly,it is to investigate the capital logic operation mechanism in capital and its manuscript.As the “Social being” and “Base” on which the capitalist society depends,the capitalist production process is the same as the advanced logic of the formation and operation of capital logic.In the process of production,as the illumination of capitalist society,Capital Tamed Labor,technology,and kept producers and Means of production apart,the process by which capital subordinated production to itself,it is the process that capital logic creates the precondition for its generation and development.In the distribution link,in order to suck more live labor,capital established a“Wage system”-based distribution.The wage system is not only the mechanism of capital exploitation,but also the mechanism of capital appreciation.The process of capital appreciation is the process of capital exploitation.At the exchange stage,in order to continuously seek to increase the value,capital continuously transforms the law of commodity exchange into the law of capitalist occupation,and continuously produces and manufactures the relative surplus population,the “General Law” of capital accumulation.In the consumption link,in order to solve the contradiction between“Big production” and“Small consumption” in capital accumulation,in the process of capital circulation and capital turnover,capital not only expands the global space into the world market of capital movement through capital spatialization,but also spreads the capital logic to all parts of the world through space capitalization.As a necessary condition of capital appreciation,capital expansion is the essential law of capital logic.The third is a multi-dimensional interpretation of the critical theory of capital logic in Das Kapital and its manuscripts.According to Marxism.Capital is not a thing,but a social relationship mediated by a thing.This "Intermediary" of capital makes the real operation of capital logic not only a process of its self-realization,but also a process in which capital logic shapes and controls modern society with its own features.In view of the inherent identity between the operation of capital logic and capitalist society,Marxism completed his criticism of the whole capitalist society while criticizing the capital logic.In the economic sphere,for example,Marxism criticized the basic contradictions of capitalist society,the economic crisis and the economic system by analyzing the mode of production of capitalism;In the political field,through the analysis of the relationship between“Economic power”and“Super-economic power” in capitalist society,marxism was critical of the state,law and other political base and superstructure of capitalist society.In the field of culture,Marxism has purged the ideological impurities of the old world by criticizing all kinds of wrong ideas,such as religion,morality and philosophy,of capitalist society,it has destroyed the false cultural aura that shrouds bourgeois society.In the field of ecology,as an important consequence of capitalist mode of production,in the process of revealing and criticizing the ecological crisis of capitalist society and its causes,Marxism reveals the nature of the counter-ecological nature of capital logic.In the field of human existence,through the revelation of the alienation and vicissitudes of human existence conditions such as the loss of human freedom essence,the universal materialization of social relations and the vulgarization of social order caused by the logic of capital,marxism deconstructs the legitimacy of the logic of capital.The fourth is a summary of the essential characteristics of the critical theory of capital logic in Das Kapital and its manuscripts.The essential characteristics of Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic are the totality of critical methods,the dialectics of critical attitudes and the class nature of critical positions.These characteristics because the capital logic is understood as the capitalist society’s "Total problem",due to the dialectic of history,the capitalist civilization of industrialization,urbanization and globalization has been examined dialectically,the class narrative in the critical theory of capital logic is constructed from the fundamental standpoint of human liberation,thus it is free from the entanglement of the speculative logic of "Metaphysics" in German classical philosophy,breaking away from the narrow vision of bourgeois political economy,the dual division of “Scientism” and “Value” in empirical science has been broken,it realizes the unification of the fact criticism and the value criticism to the capitalist society.Finally,the author discusses the future dimension of the critical theory of capital logic in capital and its manuscripts.In order to guarantee the integrity of the theoretical logic and show the practical significance of the theoretical criticism,in this chapter,by expounding the general law of the critical theory of the capital logic,because the inherent limit of capital logic determines that capital itself is a contradiction,and this contradiction is not the“Doomsday judgment” that only appears at the historical end of capitalism,it is rooted in the generation and development of capital logic,which not only creates the inevitable loss of value in the process of pursuing“Self-increment”,in the pursuit of“Self-expansion” in the process of moving towards the“Self-limitation” of the law of development and evolutionary trends,it also determines the historical destiny of capital logic from“Self-realization”to“Self-negation” and“Self-sublation”.In the dialectics of self-sublation of capital logic,in the promotion of“Negative sublation” and“Positive sublation”,human society will realize the historical transition from“Capitalism” to“Communism”.Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic is not only internalized in the political economy theoretical system represented by Das Kapital and its manuscripts,but also the core of Marxism’s thought,it also runs through the whole Marxist theory,is the world’s proletarian internationalism movement and human liberation of the critical weapons,but also the “Scientific socialism” realistic concept.The contemporary study of Marxism’s critical theory of capital logic has profound theoretical significance and urgent practical needs,strengthening the discussion of this theory in Das Kapital and its manuscripts will help to restart the study of the integrity of Marxist theory and expand the new growing point of Marxist theory in the contemporary research,it is helpful to respond to all kinds of important theoretical and practical problems existing in the development and construction of modern Chinese road.