| The failure of the Great Revolution was the first major blow to the Chinese Communist Party(CCP)since its founding,which led to the fragmentation of the Party’s organization and a sharp decline in the number of Party members.As a result,Party activities had to go underground to facilitate clandestine work.As the venue of the revolution led by the CCP shifted from the cities to the countryside,the original organizational system and working methods were no longer suitable for the new revolutionary environment.Faced with the crisis after the failure of the Great Revolution,the CCP immediately launched an emergency plan.Major changes in the organizational line and overall adjustment of leading organs at all levels have become the focus of ?rebuilding the Party?.In order to create a sturdy and effective secret agency and to preserve and save the Party’s organization,the reform and rectification of the Party are fraught with difficulties and a long way to go.Under the extreme revolutionary environment,the ideas of Marx,Engels and Lenin on the transformation of the Party and the construction of the organization have become the theoretical basis for the CCP to make a new deployment of its own development.The transformation of the Party during this period was not only in line with the Marxist-Leninist Party construction theory,but also provided a new scheme for the construction of proletarian parties in backward countries.At the same time,the excellent factors in traditional Chinese culture and the self-revolutionary tradition of the CCP have also become the theoretical source of the Party’s transformation.The transformation of the party after the failure of the Great Revolution involved many aspects of party building,and its emphasis was on the adjustment of the organizational structure and the optimization of the organizational form.The transformation of the Party’s organizational composition refreshed and consolidated its proletarian foundation and swept away its inherent right-wing opportunism.First of all,the ideological transformation of Party members has improved the quality of the whole Party and strengthened their ideals,beliefs and political beliefs.Second,the transformation of the Party’s guiding organs has strengthened the leadership of the central and grass-roots leading organs,and strengthened the Party’s leadership over mass organizations.Third,the transformation of the Party’s work methods optimizes its internal organizational work system and promotes the process of institutionalizing its internal organizational work.Forth,the transformation of the relationship between the Party and the masses has strengthened the flesh-and-blood ties between the Party and the masses.Last but not least,the transformation of cadres within the Party continued the faults of cadres,and formed a scientific system of cadre training.In the process of the Party’s reform and rectification,it is necessary to resist the pressure of the Comintern upward,to win the support of the masses downward,to examine oneself inwardly,and to resist resistance outwardly.In the process of transformation,the blades are inward and the guns are outward,so there are many difficulties.The organizational foundation of the Party has undergone major changes due to the absorption of a large number of workers and peasants,which has brought about a series of problems such as extreme democratization,commandism and tailism.The tension trend between the central and local governments has led to the obstruction of communication channels within the Party,and the three consecutive ?Left? mistakes have also brought great resistance to the Party’s reform,which has both gains and losses.The transformation of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee,the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee and the Hubei Provincial Party Committee is the epitome of the Party’s reform and rectification during this period.The problems encountered by the local provincial Party committee and the reorganization steps experienced in the transformation,as well as the rectification effect produced is an important sample for examining the growth of the Party in the transformation.Difficulties and hardships,on the contrary,matured the Party to a certain extent:the pressure of the Comintern made the CCP begin to independently think about and flexibly apply Marxism,and the tradition of self-revolution was also born out of the transformation of the Party in crisis.The CCP has grown and matured rapidly in just a few years after the failure of the Great Revolution.For example,the CCP understood the importance of carrying out the agrarian revolution and mastering the revolutionary armed forces,won the support of the masses,and strengthened its own strength.The Chinese Communists represented by Mao Zedong broke the shackles of the Comintern,broke out of the Kuomintang’s heavy encirclement,and adhered to the revolutionary path with Chinese characteristics of encircling cities from the countryside and seizing power by armed force.The outcome of which is that the Party and the Red Army were saved,a close Party-mass relationship was established,and the organizational,ideological,and cadre foundations were laid for the coming victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the New Democratic Revolution.From passively proposing an emergency reform plan at the August 7th Meeting to taking the initiative to solve its own problems independently at the Zunyi Conference,the CCP has changed from weak to strong in the process of reform.The Party has found a new way out in the midst of trials and tribulations,gained true knowledge through mistakes,and stuck to its original aspirations in the trials,which has greatly accelerated the victory of the new democratic revolution.The process of reforming and rectifying the CCP after the failure of the Great Revolution was actually the process of sinicizing the Marxist theory of revolution and the theory of Party building.This not only gave birth to the first leap in the Sinicization of Marxism,but also contains the historical code of its modernization. |
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