An Empirical Study On The Integration Of Human Rights Concepts Into Chinese Textbooks

The development of human rights cannot be separated from human rights education.Human rights education is not only an important part of the national education system,but also an important requirement for the country to improve its human rights protection system.The continuous development of human rights is conducive to the continuous progress of human civilization and society.Conducting good human rights education can further promote the high-quality development of human rights cause,and has also become a consensus in the field of human rights theory worldwide.At present,the academic community in China has reached a consensus on the need for human rights education at the macro level,such as whether it is necessary to carry out human rights education and whether it is necessary to carry out human rights education among primary and secondary school students,and has received clear support from central policy documents.The future research direction should shift to the specific issue of how human rights concepts are implemented in the national education system.This article studies the current situation of integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks,identifies the existing problems,proposes constructive suggestions for improvement,and attempts to summarize some principles and norms for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks from special to general.Based on a detailed review of existing domestic and foreign literature,the introduction proposes that research on human rights education has shifted from macro to micro,and future research directions should be focused on human rights textbooks.This article takes the current Chinese language textbooks as the empirical research object for the first time,which has triple significance: filling the gap in the academic field and expanding the breadth and depth of human rights education research;Systematically summarize the human rights concepts in Chinese language textbooks and provide knowledge increment;Propose standards and norms for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks,and promote the development of human rights education.The first chapter discusses the general principles of integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks.The first section elaborates on the necessity of integrating human rights concepts into Chinese textbooks,mainly reflected in four aspects: Chinese textbooks play an important role in cultivating students’ human rights awareness;Beneficial to consolidating China’s ideological security;Compared with other history and ideological and political textbooks,Chinese textbooks are easier to penetrate concepts;The Chinese language subject has the longest duration and is the most effective way to educate on human rights concepts.The second section explores the standards for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks.This article believes that the main theoretical basis for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks includes Marxist views on human rights,contemporary Chinese views on human rights,contemporary international classification standards for human rights education,the United Nations Decade of Action Plan for Human Rights Education,and the World Programme for Human Rights Education.After synthesizing the opinions of all parties,a preliminary draft of human rights concepts suitable for integration into textbooks and a suitable method for conducting such research-a combination of qualitative and quantitative research-was proposed.The second chapter is a qualitative and quantitative study of human rights concepts in Chinese language textbooks.A text analysis was conducted on the current Chinese language textbooks for primary and secondary schools.The first,second,and third sections respectively introduced the presentation of human rights concepts in Chinese language textbooks for primary,middle,and high schools,and included detailed standard cases for inputting and deleting texts.The fourth section is based on the large amount of data obtained from the first three sections,combined with newly discovered human rights concepts that are suitable for further addition or deletion,optimized scalars,and re conducted data statistics to obtain more accurate data.The third chapter analyzes the problems of integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks.Through research and statistics,the problems existing in current Chinese language textbooks are highlighted in three aspects.First,some important human rights concepts in the text need to be improved,including "the CPC’s great practice of respecting and protecting human rights","protecting privacy","protecting the natural environment",and "the right to survival and development are the primary basic human rights".Secondly,the arrangement of various types of human rights concepts in textbooks still needs to be optimized,including the uneven distribution of the number and proportion of human rights concepts among different grades in the same academic period,the lack of differentiation in the integration of human rights concepts among different grades and academic periods,and the relatively small number of texts that explicitly present human rights concepts.Thirdly,there is a lack of clear standards and application mechanisms for the inclusion of human rights education content in textbooks,manifested in the lack of clear selection criteria for integrating human rights concepts into language textbooks of various stages and evaluation mechanisms for integrating human rights concepts into textbooks.The fourth chapter proposes suggestions to better integrate human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks,including three aspects.First,supplement the texts containing important types of human rights concepts,including "the great practice of the CPC to respect and protect human rights","protecting privacy","protecting the natural environment",and "the right to survival and development are the primary basic human rights",and attach the appropriate article material resources.Secondly,propose a plan to improve the integration of various types of human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks,including optimizing and adjusting the number and proportion of human rights concepts in each academic stage,distinguishing different human rights concepts that focus on integration in different academic stages,and adding text content that clearly expresses the symbol of "human rights".Thirdly,improve the mechanism for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks,including formulating reasonable standards for integrating human rights concepts into textbooks(people-oriented principle,step-by-step principle,open and inclusive principle,ancient and modern combination principle,extensive research and gathering of public opinion principle)and improving the evaluation mechanism for integrating human rights concepts into Chinese language textbooks.