Study On The Path Of Realizing The Value Of Government Open Data And Co-Creation Mechanism Under The Perspective Of Digital Transformation

Digital transformation refers to the reshaping of an organization’s operating model,business processes,service delivery,management model and even corporate culture using digital technologies and innovative approaches.Led by the Digital China Overall Layout Plan,the digital transformation of the government is gradually moving towards diversification in the trend of convergence of modern technology stacks with business restructuring and cultural transformation,which is highly compatible with the discipline of information resource management that originated from the complementary development of “technology” and “data”.This is highly compatible with the discipline of information resource management,which started from the complementary development of “technology” and “data”.As one of the hot topics in the discipline of information resource management,open government data is an effective medium for digital government to release the effectiveness of service,decision-making and linkage,and it can build a logical bridge between the “value realization path” and the “value cocreating mechanism”,and it can be used as a basis for modeling,system,case study and empirical evidence.It can build a logical bridge between “value realization path”and “value co-creation mechanism”,and evolve the path of application based on models,systems,cases,and empirical evidence.What are the bottlenecks in realizing the value of government open data under the perspective of digital transformation? What is the value demand of individuals for government open data? What are the driving conclusions from evaluating open data in the digitization vehicle in each province?What variables have a more significant impact on the value realization of government open data? What are the levels of co-creation drivers that can be learned from the sensitivity of system variables to the value realization of open government data? How to build a value co-creation mechanism for open government data based on a mixed methods approach? What is the shape of the digital vehicle for the value co-creation mechanism of open government data? Such questions have become an unavoidable topic in the research of government open data value realization path and co-creation mechanism under the perspective of digital transformation.In this regard,this study first identifies the bottlenecks of individual demand and data quality in realizing the value of government open data based on text sentiment analysis and multi-platform public opinion topics,and perceives the dual solution paths of influencing factor screening and multi-mode weighted assessment.Subsequently,based on the rooting theory and multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation theory,we design the first-and second-level influencing factors and evaluation indexes of government open data value realization,sort out the corresponding system dynamics variables and carry out simulation analysis.Then,combined with the simulation conclusions of system dynamics of government open data value realization in the digitalization perspective,four kinds of government open data value co-creation motives are proposed,namely,domain,policy,and region.Finally,based on the four co-creative drivers and the digital transformation data of the people’s government portals in each province,we design a mechanism for co-creating the value of government open data under the perspective of digital transformation,construct two kinds of digital carriers,namely,platform Demo and We Chat applet,and put forward the guidance and control strategy.The logical path of this study is “carrying background→ exploring problems → focusing on methods → drawing conclusions”.(1)Carrying background-learning about the evolution trend of the results and research perspective of “the path of realizing the value of government open data and the co-creation mechanism under the perspective of digital transformation”.At the macro-institutional level,this part aims to coordinate the background of the research theme,which is cut from national policies,opinions,notifications,projects,plans,reports,guidance documents,etc.,to show the focus and driving force of the research.At the micro research level,this section aims to clarify the current status of domestic and international research,and to learn about the evolution trend of the results related to the theme.To sum up,based on the literature review method,difference analysis method and digital research method,the co-occurrence vocabulary,label clustering,time series,hotspot density and theme evolution of the research on digital transformation,the path of realizing the value of government open data and the mechanism of co-creating the value of government open data are analyzed in depth.We summarize the similarities and differences between domestic and foreign studies in terms of publication trends,publication institutions,disciplinary interactions,cuttingedge hotspots,and research fields,and conclude that the path of realizing the value of government open data and the mechanism of co-creation in the context of digital transformation encompasses the macro-,meso-,and micro-viewpoints of the study,i.e.,cross-domain interviews with individuals’ data needs,cross-layer construction of digital carriers,and the generalized evolution and mechanism construction of multiple levels of co-creation.This reveals the appropriateness and urgency of the research theme of the path of realizing the value of government open data and the mechanism of cocreation under the perspective of digital transformation.(2)Problems-Exploring the research bottlenecks and solutions to the “path of realizing the value of government open data and the co-creation mechanism under the perspective of digital transformation”.This part of the study is based on the perspective of large-scale individuals,and aims to explore the practical difficulties in realizing the value of government open data.Specifically,the first part of the study was conducted on Baidu,Weibo,and Zhihu platforms under the title of “Digital Transformation”.The first step was to capture individual topics on Baidu,Weibo,and Zhihu platforms under the theme of “Realizing the value of government open data”.Subsequently,based on the text sentiment analysis method and multi-platform public opinion topics,the bottlenecks in realizing the value of government open data were identified to include two levels: individual demand and data quality.Then,the bottleneck keywords explored based on vocabulary weights-service quality,quality,overall quality,quality level,need,demand,desired,and needed-were used as observation points in a two-dimensional matrix,and the words,word nature,number of times,number of positive entries,number of negative entries,number of neutral entries,number of entries,vocabulary weights,and the total score were used as feature vectors to identify the bottlenecks in the realization of open data value in government,average score as feature vectors for PCo A visualization analysis to verify that individual needs are closely associated with data quality bottlenecks.Furthermore,based on the complex network analysis method,individual needs and data quality bottlenecks include data security,data service,data sharing,data system,data management,data analysis,data model,and data type viewpoints.Finally,the perceived value of government open data to realize the individual needs and data quality bottlenecks to solve the path of influencing factors screening and multi-mode weighted assessment,respectively.(3)Focus on methodology-Establishing the research subject and logical orientation of “the path of realizing the value of government open data and cocreation mechanism under the perspective of digital transformation”.For the screening path of influencing factors,based on the rooted theory method,33 interview records were collected in three ways: open sampling(without any explicit restriction on the interviewees),multivariate sampling(interviews with interviewees of different occupations,qualifications,and ages),and differentiated sampling(interviews with interviewees of geographic regions and fields not yet covered).The model of influencing factors for realizing the value of government open data was constructed by identifying three dimensions of demand,approach and marketization,four relationship structures of direct,indirect,cross-layer and binary,10 first-level influencing factors such as data attributes,34 second-level influencing factors such as data quality,and 138 initial concepts such as data discrepancy;and for the multimodal weighted assessment path,this part firstly faces the digitalization of government portals of 34 provinces,autonomous regions,municipalities,and special administrative regions,with the aim to assess the value of the government’s digitalization of open data.For the multimodal weighted assessment path,this part firstly focuses on the government open data for digital transformation of 34 provinces,autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the central government,and people’s government portals of special administrative regions,and relies on the multimodal comprehensive evaluation theory,ICC and entropy value method,and then formulates→examines→measures the assessment indexes and weights in turn.Second,the Veljkovi(?) algorithm is improved to calculate the dimension scores of data value of each platform and construct the government open data value assessment model.Furthermore,case studies are conducted in Beijing,Zhejiang,Inner Mongolia and Hong Kong.Facing the influencing factors and assessment indicators of government open data value realization,we sort out the variables of the system dynamics model,carry out the system dynamics simulation analysis,and put forward four kinds of government open data value cocreation motives: organization,domain,policy,and region.Then,we explore the cocreation mechanism of government open data value and construct two digital carriers,i.e.platform Demo and We Chat applet,in the light of the four co-creation drivers.Finally,the guide and control strategies are proposed around bottleneck,screening,assessment,simulation,and co-creation space.(4)Draw conclusions-Coordinate the implementation conclusions and strategy planning of “the path of realizing the value of government open data and the co-creation mechanism under the perspective of digital transformation”.1 Compared with foreign countries,the hotspots of domestic research on the path of realizing the value of government open data are more ambiguous,such as government open data,government data openness,government data,open data,cocreation mechanism,value co-creation and other clusters are very close to each other.Scholars have paid less attention to “public participation”,which is a difficult point in the research on the path of government open data value realization.2 Under the perspective of digital transformation,the realization of government open data value is mainly faced with the challenges of individual demand and double-layer data quality.The two are closely related,covering 8 dimensions,including data security,data service,data sharing,data system,data management,data analysis,data model,data type,etc.,corresponding to 2 solution paths,namely,influencing factor screening and multi-mode weighted assessment.3 Regarding the influencing factor screening path,the realization of the value of government open data is affected by the 3 dimensions of demand,access and marketization,covering data attributes,data acquisition,data clustering,data categories,digital empowerment,and data quality.It covers data attributes,data acquisition,data clustering,data categories,digital empowerment,realization software,data systems,data environment,data flow,data subjects,data economy,and four relationship structures: direct,indirect,cross-layer,and binary.4In terms of the multimodal weighted assessment paths,the sources of governmental open data in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region focus on newsletters and highlights compared to those in Beijing,Zhejiang Province,and Hong Kong SAR,and the data is easily accessible,but its data sets are not available in the market.Although it is easy to access,the total number of datasets,the number of carrier functions,the types of interface languages are fewer,the data availability is poorer,the individual retrieval content is redundant,the inaccuracy rate and the bounce rate are relatively high,and the interactive interface between the platform and the users does not cover the evaluation feedback channel;the Hong Kong government open data machinereadable format,the data stock is small,the accessibility is poor,and the data updating rate is slow;and the Zhejiang government open data carriers are slow.The operation rate is slow.5 In the system simulation oriented to the dual realization path of the value of government open data for 100 months,the frequency of data transactions has the greatest impact on the amount of value realization of government open data,which is a strong influence group along with the degree of convenience of feedback,the amount of single dataset generation,and the discount rate of data products;the data failure rate has the smallest impact on the amount of value realization of government open data,which is a weak influence group along with the cost of the platform,the number of digitization policies,and the technological environment,The data failure rate has the least impact on the realization of the value of government open data,with platform cost,the number of digitization policies,and the technical environment as weak influence groups.Platform cost,data product discount rate,and data failure rate are negatively correlated with the amount of government open data value realization,while the amount of single dataset generation,data transaction frequency,the number of digitization policies,the ease of feedback,and the technological environment are positively correlated with the amount of government open data value realization.6The co-creation mechanism for the value of government open data encompasses the four co-creation dimensions of policy,organization,domain,and field.Among them,the organizational co-creation level involves 11 co-creation subjects including supervision,engineering and construction,water conservancy,watershed,vehicle and road,port,judiciary,politics and law,public security,organization,party government,culture,finance,talent,and environmental protection departments;the policy cocreation level involves co-creation objects such as the “Beijing Municipality’s Implementation Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Benchmarking City for the Global Digital Economy”;and the domain co-creation level covers the State Grassland Bureau,the State Forestry Administration,the Ministry of Agriculture,the Ministry of Rural Affairs,the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,and the Ministry of Agriculture.Ministry of Rural Affairs,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,National Development and Reform Commission,and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security;and the regional co-creation level covers six co-creation entities: the Ministry of Science and Technology,the Ministry of Environmental Protection,the local mapping bureaus,the Ministry of Land and Resources,the Ministry of Transportation and Communications,and the National Bureau of Surveying,Mapping and Geographic Information.