Political Economic Analysis Of The Evolution History Of Labor Capital Relations In New China

The essence of labor relations is the relationship of material interests.As the most basic social relationship in the era of industrialization,it has become a key factor affecting the harmonious and stable development of Chinese society.For the understanding of China’s labor and capital problems,we can not mechanically copy the western theories and practices,but should investigate and analyze them under a specific historical background from the perspective of historical materialism.Therefore,a systematic review and reflection on the evolution history of labor capital interest relations in New China will not only help to enrich Marxist labor capital relations theory and promote the construction of socialist labor capital interest relations theory with Chinese characteristics,but also help to clarify the historical development context and law of China’s labor capital interest relations and promote the formation of harmonious labor capital relations in the primary stage of socialism.The development of labor relations in China is affected by the changes of social system and closely combined with the historical pace of the evolution of China’s times.Based on this understanding,this paper establishes the analysis framework of the evolution history of labor capital relations,constructs the theoretical model of labor capital interest pattern and labor capital relations,and analyzes the situation of labor capital interest relations in China’s new democratic society,planned economic system and socialist market economic system reform by using the methods of interest analysis,contradiction analysis and system analysis.Finally,it summarizes the historical logic of the evolution of labor capital interest relations in China,and puts forward the subject,doctrine and proposition of building socialist labor capital interest relations with Chinese characteristics.Firstly,the paper discusses the basic principles of labor capital relations,which is the theoretical basis of this paper.On the basis of reviewing the evolution history of the concepts related to labor relations,this paper compares the differences between the concepts of labor relations from the perspective of Marxist Political Economics and western economics,defines the concept of labor relations in this paper,and points out that the material interest relationship is the core of labor relations.It exists in the occurrence,production process and result distribution stage of production,forming complementarity,identity Confrontational and alternative forms of interest relations.The objects of labor capital interest game include four levels:labor remuneration,working days,labor protection and labor opportunities.Among them,the issue of labor remuneration ranks first in the material interest relationship between labor and capital.Then,based on the interaction theory of productivity and production relations,economic foundation and superstructure,political and economic interaction analysis theory,social principal contradiction theory and the dynamic system model of labor relations,taking labor,management and government as the main body and material interest relationship analysis as the core,this paper constructs an analysis framework for the historical evolution of labor relations,which is the basis for the analysis of labor relations in various historical stages.The output results of the labor capital interest relationship system include two levels:the pattern of labor capital interests and the state of labor capital relations.In order to deeply analyze the reasons for its formation in theory,on the one hand,combined with the previous discussion on the core issues of the labor capital interest game,this paper constructs the interest distribution model of the three main bodies with the value distribution of the total social products among the labor,capital and government as the core,and analyzes the formation of different interest patterns according to the general historical order of the evolution of capitalist labor capital relations;On the other hand,based on the characteristics of the historical evolution of labor relations in China,and based on the classical asymmetric Eagle pigeon game model,this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of labor interests,in order to reveal the reasons for the formation of labor relations in each historical stage from a dynamic perspective.Next,based on the historical evolution analysis framework of labor relations constructed above,the paper analyzes and summarizes the situation of labor relations under different social systems in different historical stages of new China.The prominent feature of labor capital relations in the new democratic society is "orderly adjustment of interests".During this period,the low productivity development level of Chinese society and the social system established on it constructed the basic framework of diversified labor capital interest relations including private capitalist economy,state capitalist economy and state-owned economy.Among them,the state power under the leadcrship of the Communist Party of China determines the guiding role of national interests in the development direction of labor capital interest relations.The transitional nature of the new democratic society determines the complexity of the labor capital interest relationship and the intensity of the interest game at this stage.The change of the CPC’s understanding of the main social contradictions not only promotes the evolution of the social system,but also brings the continuous adjustment of the interest relationship between labor and capital,which is not only reflected in the huge adjustment of the interest subjects of labor and capital,but also reflected in the interest game between labor and capital.Finally,under the guidance of the government’s labor and capital policies in different stages,the pattern of labor and capital interests has changed from the cooperation of labor and capital interests in the period of national economic recovery to the gradual elimination of the bourgeoisie in the period of socialist transformation,realizing the orderly adjustment of labor and capital interests.The prominent feature of "labor relations" under the planned economic system is"national interest leading".The state ownership of the means of production and the planned economic system established in the period of planned economy in China have made the "labor relations" between the state and the working class under public ownership in fact.This kind of"hidden" labor relations is essentially different from the labor relations under the private capitalist system in nature,which reflects the contradiction between the current interests of workers and long-term interests,personal interests and national interests.It belongs to a non antagonistic contradiction based on the consistency of fundamental interests.During this period,the framework design and system construction of the right system with the national interest as the core finally promoted the formation of the "national interest dominated" pattern of labor and capital interests.This is China’s inevitable choice in a specific historical development stage.It has laid the foundation for China’s economic take-off after the reform and opening up,but its long-term neglect of workers’ personal interests has brought efficiency losses in the later stage.The prominent feature of labor capital relations in the reform of socialist market economic system is "continuous differentiation of interests".After the reform and opening up,the change of the CPC’s understanding of the main social contradictions has promoted the shift of the focus of the whole Party’s work to economic construction,and gradually established the ownership structure of "taking public ownership as the main body and the common development of multi ownership economy",the distribution system of "distribution according to work as the main body and the coexistence of multiple distribution methods",and the basic socialist economic system with "socialist market economic system" as the basic content.This laid the foundation for the basic framework of labor capital interest relations under the socialist market economic system,and formed two types of labor capital interest relations:public economy and non-public economy.Among them,the "top-down"development path of public ownership economy makes it evolve into "interest dependent labor capital relationship";The "bottom-up" evolution path of non-public economy makes its labor capital interest relationship experience a tortuous development process from stable development to imbalance,serious imbalance and then to orderly adjustment.Since the 18th CPC National Congress,socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.The new changes in the economic environment,development strategy,major social contradictions,technological progress and other systematic factors of labor relations have promoted the formation of a new situation of the pattern of labor and capital interests in the new era.Finally,based on the previous analysis of labor capital interest relations in various historical periods of new China,the paper summarizes the historical logic of the evolution of labor capital relations in New China,and points out that the development of productivity is the fundamental driving force of the evolution of labor capital interest relations;The reform of production relations promotes the evolution of the basic framework of labor capital interest relations;The Communist Party of China’s understanding of the main social contradictions determines the evolution direction of the interest relationship between labor and capital;The exertion of the main role of labor is the decisive force to promote the development of labor capital interest relations.The historical logic of this evolution requires that the construction of labor capital interest relations in the new era must pay attention to the research on the particularity of labor capital interest contradictions determined by China’s social system,with the goal of promoting the development of productive forces,the direction required to solve the main social contradictions in the new era as the guide,and the labor side as the main body.Based on the socialist interests of labor and capital,this paper puts forward that the construction of labor relations should be based on the socialist interests of labor and capital as the core.The possible innovations of this paper are mainly reflected in the following four aspects:first,it constructs the analytical framework of the evolution history of labor capital relations;The second is to build theoretical analysis models for the output results of the labor capital relations system-the pattern of labor capital interests and the state of labor capital relations;Third,it illustrates the framework of labor capital interest relations in various historical stages since new China;Fourth,put forward the subject,doctrine and proposition of building socialist labor capital interest relationship with Chinese characteristics.