| The government achieve the production of urban space through institution,resulting in a series of changes in the spatial order of urban and rural.In the process of urbanization,the national system "agent" participates in the production of urban space as a "growth machine device",stimulating local economic development.On the other hand,the resettled citizens participates in the specific process of urbanization as a "living entity" and “passively participates” in the production of urban living space.In the past,scholars discussed the issue of farmers going upstairs,agricultural transformation and "resettling farmers" from a macro perspective;Sometimes they investigated their production activities in space from a micro perspective.However,the daily life production and practice of this group should not exist in isolation.Their life experience should not be put aside based on their own subjective strength and the institutions they facing.This paper is different from previous studies,which only focus on the policy difficulties and life experiences encountered by resettled citizens.It starts with the personal life experiences and observations of resettlement communities after nearly 20 years of demolition and resettlement.And then the paper mainly focuses on the structural forces represented by the government system and the individual forces of resettled citizens as living entity in the process of urban and rural spatial transition,through studying the formation and changes of institutional space and living space order for resettled citizens under the background of urbanization..In the process of "institutional life" spatial interaction,it is found the mutual construction methods between the living space and the institutional space of resettled citizens,such as practicability and routine as well as the spatial order logic formed by the collaborative construction of institutional and living entities in the process of spatial interaction.This paper adopts participatory observation method,unstructured interview method and structured interview method to conduct the field investigation on the resettlement community located in K District of Z Province.On the basis of data collection,description,and interpretation,this paper analyzes the production process of institutional space and the living space production practice of resettled citizens in the process of experiencing spatial changes from a bidirectional perspective of institution and life,thus exploring the mutual-construction mechanism between institutional space and living space.According to the mutual structure of "system and living" space in the process of urban and rural spatial changes for resettled citizens,it is found that:(1)Institutional space and living space: During the urbanization process,a series of land acquisition and resettlement systems have been formulated from the central government to the local government,which provides favorable conditions for the smooth implementation of land acquisition and resettlement.At the same time,in terms of living space,by formulating a series of living space institutions such as community and residential construction related systems,citizen participation systems achieve the production of institutional space in the process of urbanization.For living spaces,the relocation system has expanded the scope of urban space.The"growth machine" formed by the combination of K District,capital and social forces builds a new urban space,which has formed the urban living space scope of K District under the common institutional and practical forces of industrialization and urbanization.In the process of spatial transformation,a living space for resettled citizens has been formed.(2)Inter-construction of Space: The institutional space of urbanization and the living space for resettling citizens are mutually constructed,forming a"Inter-construction of Space" model.Under the structural forces of urbanization system and other factors,the resettled citizens interacts in different aspects such as practical living space and routine living space,forming the mutual structure between living space and institutional space of the resettled citizens.Specifically,it forms a "positive harmonious change" where both the system and life develop in the same direction;On the hand,the "reverse conflict" of the reverse development between system and life,as well as the "bidirectional synchronously change" of the reverse development between system and life.(3)“Positive harmonious change": By improving production skills and employment opportunities increased,the resettled citizens has formed a favorable community space and a stable support network,forming a “positive harmonious change" where the institutional space and life strategies develop in the same direction;Secondly,the informal institution of resettled citizens has undergone a citizenization of lifestyles in the new space,which has led to new lifestyles and attitudes,It results in a"positive harmonious change" of identity between informal institution and institutional space;Finally,due to their social psychological adaptation in the past 20 years,they have formed a "positive harmonic transformation" in the same direction between the institutional space and social psychological aspects such as local perception,identity,urban identity,and group identity.(4)“Reverse conflict ": In terms of residential space,resettled citizens forms the production and differentiation of residential space,leading to the competition and production of new spaces,forming a" reverse conflict "of institutional space to the right and living space to the left ulteriorly.In terms of the changes in basic social emotions,there has also been a "reverse conflict" between the new space and the old customs.(5)”bidirectional synchronously change”: In terms of public space,they “occupy” part of the space through organizational means,generating economic value,to maintain the daily operation of property and civil affairs in the community.Based on individual interests,they occupy public space and transform it into the individual living space resources.The spatial production process of these living entities has formed two types of changes--"forward-reverse" with the current institutional space.However,institutional agents have to "turn a blind eye",which is the "bidirectional synchronously change" caused by the mutual construction behavior between the two.(6)Order adaptation: In the process of mutual construction between institutional space and living space,the state conducts institutional regulation through institutionalized policies,and realizes the governance of space through institutional agent spatial scheduling;Under the guidance of policies and institutions,social elites and economic elites participate in the spatial production process of resettled citizens through participatory and market-oriented mechanisms;In addition,resettled citizens as the main body of the living space coordinate with the national institutions to achieve the governance of spatial order from multiple perspectives such as self-awareness,active behavior,and passive action;during this process,the institutional entities and living entities jointly constructed the existing spatial living order for resettled citizens. |
