A Study On Moral Education Model Of Israeli Schools

Israeli school moral education advocates the national spirit centered on inheriting Jewish culture and the spirit of the times centered on remembering the Holocaust.It is not only to train qualified Israelis to build a “Jewish and democratic country”,but also an important way to deal with the internal contradictions of the country.Due to the differences in the national political economy,cultural customs,religious beliefs and other factors,Israeli school moral education has formed a basic model of “four tracks parallel”: the state education track moral education takes “being qualified citizens of Israel” as the basic direction,and emphasizes the cultivation of political,modern and secular civic morality;The moral education of independent religious education track refers to the ultra-orthodox education,which directly refers to “becoming Jews”,pays more attention to the moral laws listed in Judaism,pays attention to the cultivation of pure Jewishness,and approaches to fundamentalism;The moral education of the state-religious education track is in the middle of the two,emphasizing the cultivation of “Jewish-Israel consciousness”,taking the “nation-state” morality as the stickiness,organically combining religious and political factors,and trying to enhance the effectiveness of moral education with the homology of “Jewish-Israel”.The moral education of the state-religious education track seems to be the sum of state education and religious education.In fact,these tracks point to three different moral education goals of cultivating citizens at the political state level,voters at the religious belief level,and people at the national cultural level.The moral education of the non-Jewish educational track takes the cultivation of minorities as the primary goal.These four tracks of moral education coexist for a long time,with the main purpose of inheriting and promoting Jewish culture,taking into account the democracy and equality required by the modern nation-state,and forming a unique phenomenon and action paradigm of moral education of Israeli schools.At the same time,the state has a holistic grasp and integrated construction of these “four tracks”,and has carried out a top-level design of the moral education objectives and contents of the “four tracks” to make its core direction highly unified.This paper focuses on the study of Israeli school moral education model and systematically discusses the realistic pattern and integrated construction of the “Four Moral Education Tracks under the Overall Construction of the State” model,which has important theoretical value and practical significance.In general,this moral education model is constantly developing,and the“four tracks” and “the overall construction of the state” are dynamically balanced.The game between religion and secular,Eastern and Western Jews,and the main ethnic groups and ethnic minorities always runs through it.Adhering to the Marxist position,viewpoint and method,and in accordance with the principles of comparison,criticism and transcendence,this paper makes a thorough and systematic study of the connotation,historical changes,current characteristics,development trends and major problems of the Israeli school moral education model,with a view to comprehensively grasping the Israeli school moral education model and its objectives,contents,approaches and shortcomings.The full text consists of three parts and six chapters.The first part is the first chapter,which mainly solves the basic problems of the definition,main characteristics and theoretical pedigree of the moral education model and the moral education of Israeli schools in this study,focusing on clarifying the historical evolution and contemporary construction of the Israeli school moral education model;The second part is Chapter II,Chapter III,Chapter IV and Chapter V,which respectively go deep into the state education track’s moral education,state-religious education track’s moral education,non-Jewish education track’s moral education,indepandent religious education track’s moral education,and comprehensively grasp the current characteristics of the “four track” moral education model;The third part is the sixth chapter,which focuses on the rational examination,critical reflection and reference of the Israeli school moral education model.Specifically as follows:The first chapter mainly studies the basic problems of moral education in Israeli schools.First,it analyzes the concepts of moral education model,Israeli moral education,civic education,patriotism education,Holocaust education and Jewish education,grasp the connotation of Israeli school moral education,and clarify the essence,function and characteristics of Israeli school moral education;The second is to examine the context of Israeli school moral education model from a historical perspective,and to elaborate the inevitable relationship between Jewish culture and the construction of Israel’s contemporary moral education;The third is to focus on the contemporary construction of Israeli school moral education and clarify the “four tracks under the overall construction of the state” moral education model;The fourth is to study the relevant theories of Israeli moral education,clarify the influence of the western moral education theories on Israeli moral education,the shaping process of Jewish culture on Israeli school moral education,and introduce the typical theories of contemporary Israeli school moral education practice.The second chapter mainly inspects the current situation of moral education in the state education track from three aspects: objectives,contents and methods.The moral education of the state education track highlights the political,secular and modern nature of moral education,and essentially implements the secular and modern moral education of separation of politics and religion.This track of moral education has made certain adjustments to Jewish culture in terms of content and form,aiming at cultivating qualified citizens to build a “Jewish” and “democratic” state.From the perspective of the goal of moral education,the national moral education track is based on training students to “being a qualified citizen of Israel”.To be a qualified citizen of Israel is to love the Jewish nation at the national level,unite Jewish compatriots,and inherit national culture;Be a loyal,free and peaceful Israeli citizen at the national level;Pay attention to equality,respect and mutual assistance in social moral concepts;In personal moral cultivation,they should advocate hard work,justice and innovation.In order to achieve this goal of moral education,in formal education,schools instill correct values into students through history education,moral education,civic education and national defense education;In supplementary education,all kinds of moral education practice and formal courses complement each other to build a joint force for educating people.The third chapter mainly studies the state-religious education track moral education.This track of moral education has prominent national characteristics.Its goal is to inherit Jewish culture,be loyal to Jewish homeland,unite Jewish compatriots,pay attention to the transformation of Jewish culture in the practice of moral education,selectively inherit the essence of Jewish culture,and eliminate the negative effects of diaspora,disaster and weakness in the history of the nation.Its leading ideology is religious Zionism,with Jewish national spirit and philosophical culture as the core content of moral education;In practice,it also has distinctive characteristics.Under the guidance of the state,it launched a targeted “Matana”(?????)moral education project,and actively explored civil religion to seek the balance between secular and religious.The fourth chapter mainly studies the moral education of non-Jewish education track.According to the research practice of the Israeli academic community,it is divided into the moral education research of Israeli Arabs,Israeli Arab Christians and Israeli Druze.The moral education goal given by Israel to this group is to “let them forget that they are Arabs,but different types of Israelis”.In response to this goal,Israel has comprehensively used the means of divide and rule,cultural hegemony,and internal colonization to give different types of groups different moral education goals,in order to disintegrate the Arab identity formed by ethnic minorities.The state has strengthened the control of its moral education content and approach in the top-level design,strengthened its overall construction with the Jewish education tracks with unified curriculum and teaching materials,and tried to cultivate a common national identity and reduce potential national safety hazards.The fifth chapter mainly studies the current situation of moral education in the track of Ultra-orthodox education.This moral education track is directly controlled by the government and independent of the control of the Ministry of Education.It is a kind of fundamentalist education practice.Because it is incompatible with the modernization of scientific rationality,it is often criticized by secular people.This part grasps the goal,content and approach of this moral education track from a macro perspective,and clarifies the internal relationship between Judaism and the cultivation of Jewish virtue.The sixth chapter,on the basis of the previous research on the history and current situation of moral education in Israeli schools,ponders its development laws,outlines the future trend of moral education in Israeli schools,and examines it rationally.Try to explore the tension between the “four tracks” and “overall construction of the state”,and the dilemma behind the “four tracks” of moral education content and the uneven results of moral education,and go beyond it.It is proposed that China’s moral education should deal with the relationship between “primary” and “secondary” at the target level,adhere to the basic principles of Marxism’s leading position,build a strong sense of national community,and lead by socialist core values,deepen the creative transformation and innovative development of China’s excellent traditional culture,and vigorously cultivate exemplary and leading moral education projects in concrete moral education practice.With the fundamental task of serving the country to establish morality and cultivate people,we will help cultivate new people of the era who are responsible for national rejuvenation.