Research On Government Governance Action Strategies For Private Higher Education Under Classified Management Policies

In the past 40 years,China’s private higher education has experienced a process from scratch,from small to large,with laws to follow and standardized development,and gradually formed a relatively perfect system.After 2008,the central government has strengthened the supervision of private colleges and universities and accumulated rich experience.However,compared with the rapid development of private higher education,the national policies and regulations still lag behind,and the government governance level and ability of private higher education still need to be improved.There are many incompatible factors between the development of private higher education and government governance,resulting in the dislocation and mismatch between the two,which has become the fundamental obstacle to the sustainable and healthy development of private higher education.In order to solve these problems,the State Council passed the second amendment to the decision on Amending the law of the people’s Republic of China on the promotion of privately run education in 2016,which defined the major reform measure of implementing the classified management of for-profit and non-profit for private colleges and universities.This decision finally ended the controversy over the division of profit-making and non-profit of private higher education in China.In 2021,the State Council announced the newly revised regulations for the implementation of the law of the people’s Republic of China on the promotion of privately run education,marking the beginning of a new journey for the government to govern private higher education.After the implementation of the classified management policy,how to improve the policy system support and action strategies of the government governance of private higher education to promote the healthy development of private higher education has become a topic of great concern to all stakeholders.After the promulgation of the new implementation regulations,at this stage,the development of private higher education in China is still facing a series of uncertain factors,such as the change of student source market,the competition of higher education at home and abroad,the dislocation of the development level of private higher education,and the instability of private higher education policies,which hinder the deepening reform and connotation improvement of private higher education.How to adjust the government governance objectives of private higher education? How to improve the government governance ability of private higher education? How to establish the government multi governance structure of private higher education? How to form the government supervision mechanism of private higher education? It is an urgent problem to be explained by the academic circles and solved by the government.Based on governance theory,stakeholder theory and public goods theory,this study focuses on the government classified management policy of private higher education in China,explores the path of government governance of private higher education in the context of the implementation of classified management policy,and discusses how to promote and improve the development strategy of private higher education in China from the perspective of government governance.From the perspective of government governance of private higher education,this study first discusses the decentralization of education according to the status and role of private higher education in the national education system,and then through the combing and analysis of the existing government governance model,finds that there are some problems in government governance of private higher education,such as excessive government intervention,lack of transparency and fairness,etc;Secondly,the study explores how to establish a diversified and classified management model with broad participation in the government governance of private higher education;On this basis,it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to seek to form a classified management and social support system in private higher education,and to explore the government’s action strategies to promote the coordinated development of private higher education’s scale,quality,structure and efficiency.This study uses the methods of literature,investigation,quantitative analysis,case analysis,etc.on the basis of a comprehensive review of the literature,through the questionnaire survey of the middle and senior managers and teachers of the main stakeholders involved in private higher education,and in-depth interviews with the chairman of the board of directors of private colleges and the principal of the main managers of the school,on this basis,the data and interview data obtained are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively,and then through a comprehensive analysis to grasp its regularity,and finally put forward the corresponding research conclusions.The main findings are as follows: first,through the analysis of the real situation of China’s government’s governance of private higher education,it is found that although the current classified management policy has been fully implemented,there are some key problems in the government’s classified management of private higher education,such as the conflict of governance objectives,the lack of governance capacity,the lack of governance means,and the low efficiency of governance institutions;Second,through questionnaires and interviews,it is found that the main reasons for the problems in the implementation of classified management are the deviation of the concept of objects in the government governance of private higher education in China,the incompleteness of various interest relations,and the incompleteness of the multi governance structure of private higher education;Third,by further combing and comparing,it is found that the current classification management of private higher education by the government in China has not been fully established,including property ownership,right compensation,classification registration,classification support,classification financing,protection of teachers’ rights and interests,and classification supervision mechanism,which leads to the poor progress of the classification management of private higher education and affects the overall development of China’s education.In view of the problems found in the study,based on the experience of government governance of private higher education in China and the experience of government governance of higher education in Britain,the United States and Japan,this paper puts forward the action strategies of government governance of private higher education in China from six aspects: first,the action strategies of property ownership and right compensation;Second,continue to promote the classified registration action strategy;Third,actively carry out classified support action strategy;Fourth,gradually clarify the classified financing incentive action strategy;Fifth,steadily improve the action strategy of teachers’ rights and interests protection;Sixthly,scientifically construct classified supervision action strategies.The main conclusions of the study are as follows: firstly,the classified management policy of private higher education in China has distinct Chinese characteristics and local characteristics,which reflects the unique policy-making environment and the needs of educational practice in China;Second,the multi subject participation structure of private higher education has not yet been constructed,which means that the participation and coordination of all stakeholders need to be strengthened;Third,the power allocation of private higher education legal person governance subject is unbalanced,which affects the efficiency and fairness of governance to a certain extent.The first innovation is the innovation of the research content.This study integrates the theories and methods of politics,education,management and other disciplines,and comprehensively discusses the government governance behavior of private higher education;The second is the innovation of research perspective,which innovatively conducts in-depth research on the government governance of private higher education from the two dimensions of coordinated governance and stakeholder theory.This new research perspective breaks the traditional research framework,helps to find new problems and puts forward more effective solutions.This study has certain theoretical significance and application value for promoting the innovation of the classified management mechanism of private higher education in China,accelerating the construction and implementation of a scientific and reasonable government governance policy system of private higher education,creating an efficient and smooth government classified management mechanism of private higher education,and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of private higher education in China.