Research On The Influence Of The Development Of Digital Inclusive Finance On The Consumption Level Of Farmers And Herdsmen In Tibet

The sustained growth of consumption is not only to meet people’s realistic needs for a better life,but also a key factor in achieving high-quality economic development in Tibet.Since the peaceful liberation of Tibet over 70 years ago,its economy has developed by leaps and bounds.However,investment,especially investment by the central government,has been the main driving force for economic growth in Tibet,and consumption has played a limited role in driving the region’s economic growth,which has to some extent restricted the high-quality development of economy in Tibet.By the end of 2021,the total number of permanent residents in Tibet was 3.66 million,of which 2.32 million were in agricultural and pastoral areas,accounting for 63.39 percent of the total population.The rural population in Tibet was 28.11 percentage points higher than the national average.Therefore,it is also crucial to expand consumption among farmers and herdsmen to boost consumption growth in Tibet.In recent years,with the deep integration of emerging technologies such as big data and finance,digital inclusive finance has developed rapidly in Tibet,which can not only expand the supply of consumer markets in farming and pastoral areas,help farmers and herdsmen reduce shopping costs,but also indirectly promote the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen by promoting their employment and entrepreneurship,alleviating liquidity constraints,and reducing uncertainty.There are few theoretical and empirical studies on the impact of digital inclusive financial development on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet.Based on the current research situation,this thesis comprehensively adopts literature research method,field investigation method,qualitative and quantitative analysis method,macro and micro analysis method and other methods,draws on relevant theories such as Marx’s consumption theory,ethnological theory,consumption function theory,financial development theory,modern financial intermediary theory and network economy theory,constructs a theoretical analysis framework for the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,and puts forward research hypotheses.Based on the analysis of the current situation of the development of digital inclusive finance and the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,this thesis empirically tests the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen from macro and micro perspectives,puts forward problems,analyzes problems and summarizes targeted countermeasures and suggestions,to provide reference and basis for relevant policy making.First of all,this thesis draws on the relevant theories of household consumption and digital inclusive finance,constructs a theoretical framework that the development of digital inclusive finance affects the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,and puts forward two research hypotheses.Secondly,this thesis summarizes the development status of digital inclusive finance and its various dimensions from the three levels of autonomous region,prefectural city and county(district)respectively,analyzes the characteristics of the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen.On this basis,this thesis tests the correlation between the digital inclusion finance development and the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,providing practical basis for the subsequent empirical research.Thirdly,by using the macro statistical data from 2011 to 2021 and constructing the panel vector autoregressive model,the thesis empirically tests the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,and analyzes the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of urban residents in Tibet.Fourth,this thesis further empirically tests the mechanism of digital inclusion finance development on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,and empirically tests the heterogeneous impact of digital inclusion finance development on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet from different perspectives,such as region,education level,consumption structure,income structure and household debt.Finally,this thesis sorts out and summarizes the problems existing in the current consumption of farmers and herdsmen,the development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet,and the development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet in promoting the improvement of the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the theoretical basis of the research.The results show that:(1)In recent years,digital inclusive finance in Tibet has developed rapidly,and the development trend shows strong regional convergence characteristics,but it still shows certain spatial aggregation and spatial heterogeneity.(2)The development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet has a positive promoting effect on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen,but this positive promoting effect is more obvious for urban residents in Tibet.At the same time,income is still the key variable driving the improvement of the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet.(3)Digital inclusive finance promotes the consumption level of farmers and herdmen by improving the convenience of payment in Tibet,while the relaxation of liquidity constraints,the promotion of income growth and the reduction of uncertainty are not the influencing mechanisms of digital inclusive finance to promote the consumption level of farmers and herdmen in Tibet.(4)Digital inclusive finance in Tibet is promoting the consumption level of sample farmers and herdsmen in different counties(districts),and this promoting effect is more obvious in Tibetan border counties and animal husbandry counties.It shows that it may play an important role in alleviating the inadequacy and imbalance of financial development in Tibetan agricultural and pastoral areas,especially in border areas.The education level of the head of household is positively correlated with the household consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in the sample period,highlighting the importance of human capital.Wage income,net property income and transfer net income significantly promote the consumption level of sample farmers and herdsmen,and the elasticity coefficient of transfer net income is the largest,so we can consider to improve the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen from the perspective of optimizing income structure.(5)Further analysis shows that,the current overall income of farmers and herdsmen is generally low,the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen lags behind,and the construction of consumption environment in agricultural and herdsmen areas is relatively weak.At present,farmers and herdsmen mainly rely on traditional offline banking institutions for borrowing,they have low trust and low participation rate in digital inclusive finance.At the same time,there are certain technical risks in the development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet.Compared with the existing concerned literature,the contribution of this thesis is as follows.Firstly,this thesis focuses on the agricultural and pastoral areas in Tibet,analyzes the influence of the development of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet based on its special regional location and consumption environment,as well as the unique ethnic culture,religious customs and consumption preferences of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen.It has enriched the research on digital inclusive finance and the determinants of consumption levels of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen.Secondly,this thesis not only uses macro data to test the promoting effect of digital inclusive finance development on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet,but also uses field survey data,to further test the mechanism of the impact of digital inclusive finance development on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet.This thesis also empirically tests the heterogeneous effect of the development of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet from different perspectives,such as region,education level,consumption structure,income structure and household debt.this thesis uses both macro panel data and micro survey data,which can increase the reliability of the research conclusions and improve the quality and effect of the research.Thirdly,this thesis adopts the field survey method in ethnology to carry out household questionnaire survey on sample farmers and herdsmen families in 32 counties(districts),85 towns and 194 villages in Tibet,and 1,594 valid questionnaires are collected,with highly targeted data.This thesis provides a large sample of "Tibet data" for the research on the relationship between the development of digital inclusive finance and the consumption level of rural residents.This thesis proposes the following suggestions in promoting the consumption level of farmers and herdsmen through the development of digital inclusive finance in Tibet.First,we should vigorously develop the regional economy to improve the income level of farmers and herdsmen,to enhance their purchasing power.Second,we should further develop digital inclusive finance,and strengthen the supply of digital inclusive financial products,to play its role in promoting the consumption of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet.Third,we should comprehensively improve the infrastructure construction of agricultural and pastoral areas in Tibet,to enhance the consumption convenience of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet.Fourth,we should continue to carry out cultural construction in agricultural and pastoral areas in Tibet,guide farmers and herdsmen to change their consumption concepts,to change their cognition of digital inclusive finance.Fifth,we should popularize the knowledge of digital inclusive finance,strengthen education and publicity,to enhance financial literacy and participation in digital financial inclusion of farmers and herdsmen.Sixth,we should improve the risk prevention mechanism for digital financial inclusion,strengthen innovative supervision,and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers and herdsmen.