Production Efficiency Of Major Food Crops Rice & Wheat

Global warming and food security have led to increasing concern about agricultural crop production efficiency,especially rice and wheat farming.The purpose of the current study is to measure rice and wheat production efficiency scores with environmental quality in China,India,and Pakistan by using a data envelopment analysis（DEA）model.The DEA results showed that China and India are more efficient in rice and wheat production,but it is not efficient in the environmental point of view in the study period.The results also showed that Pakistan has relatively small wheat and rice efficiency compared with China and India,but gradually increased this efficiency with the passage of time.The statistical outcomes showed that Pakistan was in the most efficient and effective condition from the2008 to 2019 in terms of rice and wheat efficiency with a small increase in carbon emission.Based on the findings,it is recommended that policymakers should pay attention to the role of green technology in reducing agricultural CO₂ emissions.Global warming,energy consumption（EC）,and food safety issues have got attention regarding agricultural crop productivity problems with a principal focus on food crops.This study mainly analyzes the wheat production rating of Pakistan,India,and China’s rice and through the CCR（Charnes,Cooper,and Rhodes）and SBM-DEA（The slacks-based measure and the data envelopment analysis）framework.The recorded rice（0.60）and wheat（1.00）production,through the CCR approach,is considered the highest productivity.The rating productivity of the parallel DMUs（decision making units）for the CCR（or BCC）framework and average degree of technical productivity of SBM model of rice and wheat production does not adhere to the degree of 100%amongst all countries.Keeping the area’s efficiency in mind,the average technical productivity rating recorded through CCR is 0.87,and SBM is 0.86,which is significantly lower than the ideal rating in the original DEA.By decreasing tomato output through farmers’productive operations,energy can be conserved by 21.4%compared to its current level by enhancing the utilization of essential resources,chemical fertilizers,farmyard manure,and water bear comparatively greater trading weights.Itis eminent to decrease energy usage and carbon discharge in rice production.Similarly,the high yield and adequate rice plantation methods should be encouraged in the given region.Agriculture is a major factor in the provision of the ecosystem through a wide spectrum of services.However,there is a significant lack of research into its eco-efficiency.In this context,the objective of this work is to create a basis for future research in this field by pointing out the deficiencies that affect the crop production.The integration of agricultural productivity and conservation of resources has been considered through the DEA approach.The average efficiency score for Pakistan and China is estimated at 1.00,while India’s efficiency score ranged from 0.60 to 0.65.This score makes India an inefficient producer of rice/wheat compared to the other two countries.The analysis had shown a better orientation in saving resources for the Southern Regions and a greater orientation in productivity for the Region.In conclusion,China appears to be sustainable in agricultural resources with plenty of room for improvement.This research is important for improving policy and governance,as sustainable agriculture ensures long-term food security and therefore,social well-being.