| China’s Free Trade Zone(FTZ)is a bridgehead for China’s new round of deepening reform and expanding opening up.It is positioned to connect with international high standard systems and rules,build a new open economic system through institutional innovation,and promote high-quality economic development through high-level opening.The core concept of the FTZ is to force reform with openness,promote openness with reform,create replicable and replicable institutional experiences,and actively explore new growth methods and paths.The strategy of FTZ is different from the previous location-oriented policies in forming "institutional depressions",which attract trade and investment with preferential policies.FTZs are committed to creating "institutional highlands",promoting trade and investment facilitation through institutional innovation and driving economic development.The 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)pointed out that we should adhere to a high level of opening up and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic grand cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other.Under the ideological background of promoting high-quality economic development with a new dual cycle development pattern,FTZ is not only a favorable starting point for driving high-quality domestic economic cycle,but also an important window and construction hub for connecting domestic and international economic dual cycles and promoting domestic economy to participate in the international grand cycle.Therefore,focusing on promoting the construction of FTZs and promoting a higher level of openness with a new open economy system is an important exploration to achieve high-quality economic development.In view of this,this study,based on existing literature,conducts a study on the impact of the establishment of FTZs on high-quality economic development.Through theoretical analysis and empirical testing,it clarifies the significant promotion effect and internal impact mechanism of the establishment of FTZs on high-quality economic development in the city where they are located,and further analyzes the spatial spillover effect of the establishment of FTZs on high-quality economic development in surrounding cities,Finally,explore the impact of the establishment of FTZs on various dimensions of high-quality economic development.This study consists of 8 chapters in total.Chapter 1 is an introduction,mainly introducing the background,theoretical and practical significance,relevant literature review,as well as the main content and framework,research ideas and methods,innovation and shortcomings of this study.Chapter 2 is the theoretical basis and mechanism analysis.First,it combs the classical theories involved in this study from the theoretical level,including the theory of institutional change,the theory of growth pole,the theory of economic agglomeration,the theory of new Economic geography,etc.Then,combined with the construction background and policy characteristics of China’s FTZ,this paper discusses the internal mechanism of the establishment of FTZ to promote the high-quality development of urban economy from three aspects of optimizing the business environment,Financial innovation and economic agglomeration,and puts forward three hypotheses based on theoretical analysis.Chapter 3 is the construction and measurement of the indicator system for high-quality urban economic development.The principal component analysis method is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation system for high-quality economic development,and the level of high-quality economic development at the urban level in China is measured and analyzed.Chapter 4 is the empirical analysis of the FTZ promoting the high-quality development of urban economy.The DID model is used to assess the net effect of the establishment of the FTZ on the high-quality development of the city’s economy,and a series of robustness tests such as the parallel trend and Instrumental variables estimation method are carried out on the benchmark results.Finally,the heterogeneity analysis is carried out according to the batch of FTZ establishment and the different regions.Chapter 5 is the mechanism test of the FTZ promoting the high-quality development of urban economy,which mainly tests the three transmission paths of optimizing business environment,Financial innovation and economic agglomeration obtained from the mechanism analysis.Chapter 6 analyzes the spatial effects of FTZs on promoting high-quality urban economic development.From the perspective of spatial spillovers,it examines the impact and transmission channels of the establishment of FTZs on the high-quality economic development of surrounding cities.Chapter 7 is a multidimensional analysis of the promotion of high-quality urban economic development by FTZs.The aim is to evaluate the impact of the establishment of FTZs on various dimensions of high-quality urban economic development,namely,to examine the impact of the establishment of FTZs on innovation(urban innovation),coordination(urban-rural income gap),green(carbon intensity,PM2.5,sulfur dioxide emissions),openness(openness to the outside world),and sharing(consumption,healthcare,wages),To accurately and meticulously analyze the policy performance of the establishment of FTZs on the high-quality development of urban economy.Chapter 8 is the conclusion and policy recommendations,mainly summarizing the impact of the establishment of FTZs on the high-quality development of urban economy.Research conclusions are drawn based on local effects,spatial effects,and internal mechanisms,and relevant policy recommendations are proposed based on the research results of the entire text.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical testing,the main conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows:(1)In the measurement of high-quality economic development indicators,for cities involved in the FTZs,the level of high-quality economic development in these cities has basically maintained a steady improvement in the past 20 years,especially after the establishment of the FTZs,the high-quality economic development index of the host city has been significantly improved,and the earlier the establishment of the FTZs,The more obvious the policy effect is;(2)In the empirical test section,the establishment of FTZs has significantly promoted the high-quality development of the local city’s economy,and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend,instrumental variable method,and placebo;(3)In the mechanism analysis part,the establishment of FTZs can promote high-quality economic development through three paths: optimizing the business environment,financial innovation,and economic agglomeration;(4)In terms of heterogeneity,the results of batch heterogeneity indicate that as batches increase,the driving effect of the establishment of FTZs on the high-quality economic development of the host city gradually decreases,and the driving effect of the first and second batches of FTZs is significant,while the driving effect of the third and fourth batches of FTZs is not significant.The results of regional heterogeneity indicate that coastal FTZs significantly promote the high-quality economic development of the host city,while inland FTZs are not significant;(5)In terms of spatial effects,the FTZs have no significant driving effect on the high-quality development of urban economy within a distance of 150 kilometers,but has a significant driving effect on the high-quality development of urban economy within a distance of 150-350 kilometers.After exceeding 350 kilometers,the driving effect of the FTZs become insignificant;(6)The impact mechanism test of spatial spillovers found that the establishment of FTZs can accelerate labor and capital flows,promote research and development knowledge spillovers,and communication knowledge spillovers,thereby affecting the high-quality development of the surrounding cities’ economies;(7)In the dimension analysis section,the establishment of FTZs has a significant promoting effect on the innovation,green,openness,and sharing dimensions of high-quality economic development,while it has a certain degree of inhibiting effect on the coordination dimension.This study summarizes and analyzes institutional innovations such as the reform of the administrative management system,trade and investment facilitation measures,and financial innovation of the FTZs,and evaluates the impact of the policies of the FTZs on the comprehensive level of high-quality economic development and various dimensions.This provides reference and reference for the formation of a number of replicable and promotable institutional public products,as well as for the reform and innovation of other regions.The research results are useful for improving the construction of the FTZs Accelerating the construction of a new "dual cycle" development pattern,promoting the transformation and upgrading of economic structure,achieving common prosperity,and promoting high-quality economic development have important practical significance. |
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