Process For The Monochloration Of Acetone

This thesis focuses on developing a novel technology to produce Monochloroacetone in high degree of purity and less environmental pollution.Monochloroacetone is prepared by the reaction of acetone vapor with chlorine in a pipe reactor. The influence of several factors on the reaction, such as the states of acetone in the reaction, sizes of the pipe reactor, ratios of acetone to chlorine, has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The reaction of acetone with chlorine gas is a rapid chain reaction. Using a pipe reactor can diminish formation of polychlorinated products. Comparing with liquid acetone ,acetone vapor is easier to mix with chlorine gas and this will befits to the results of the reaction. Selectivity of the reaction can be increased by controlling ratio of acetone to chlorine and conversion per pass of acetone. Residence time of reactants in the pipe reactor is a main factor to influence the conversion of acetone and selectivity of the reaction. We didn't spend much more time on establishment of dynamics equation of the reaction, but carry out the reaction in a series of different sizes pipe reactors to get the best technological parameters. That is the size of reactor is 20·600mm and the ratio of acetone to chlorine is 4: 1-5: 1 (mole ratio).The mixture of Monochloroacetone and 1,1-dichloroacetone ,which have very similar boiling points, the difference of boiling points of theses two compounds is only 0.3℃, is separated by azeotropic distillation using water as azeotropic former. The purity of Monochloroacetone can be reached to 99% by azeotropic distillation in the ratio of water to the mixture of Monochloroacetone and 1,1-dichloroacetone 1:1(volume ration).The amplification of reactor is the core of scaling process. We designed a tubular reactor with one hundred tubes that have same sizes with the pipe reactor in laboratory research and operate under the sametechnological condition with laboratory experiments. This way minimize the "scaling effects" in scaling process. Based on the consideration of purity and cost of the products and environmental protection, the process is designed to produce Monochloroacetone as well as by products of choloroacetone for dyestuff manufacture and hydrochloric acid to reduce cost and avoid pollution.The pilot plant research in the scale of 100t/a Monochloroacetone and the design of the producing process have been done. And the products of Monochloroacetone of this pilot apparatus have been tested and used by several pharmaceutical factories. The quality of Monochloroacetone meets the quality requirement of pharmaceutical industry. And the apparatus has been running more than two years profitably.