Studies Of Some Novel Surfactants

Petroleum is important strategic resource. How to enhance oil recovery efficiently and economically is an urgent work. An important solution is striving for researching and using novel surfactants.This thesis reviewed Oligomers surfactants and Polymer surfactants, showing an extensive applied prospect for their excellent properties. We also put forward the ideas and routes for study.The thesis includes four contents of study:1 .The physical and chemical property of organic compounds in Qinghai exposed oil sands. The particular physical property, chemical composition and distribution of organic compounds in Qinghai outerop oil sand have been revealed by different analytical methods.This information has great help to the design of oil displacement agents.2.Synthesis and characteristics of novel Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants. An easy synthesis method of new type of Gemini cationic surfactant from long-chain alkyldimethylamine, its hydrochloride and epichlorohydrin has been introduced. The spacer of this Gemini surfactant has hydroxy group. We get two novel Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants after hydroxy react respectively with phosphorus oxychloride and chlorosulfonic acid. The Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants were characterized by IR , 'HNMR and FAB-MS. Gemini surfactants were also investigated by conductivity mesurement. The result showed that the critical micelle concentration(CMC) of the Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants has much less value compared with that of the corresponding monomer. So the Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants are fit for oil displacement agent.3.Synthesis and characteristics of long-chain-alkyldimethylallylamrnonium chloride Oligomers. Oligomers of long-chain-alkyldimethylallylammonium chloride have been prepared in aqueous solution with different redox initiator. The viscosity andsurface tension of Oligomers have also been studied. The results show that Oligomers have high surface activity and high viscosity.4.Synthesis and characteristics of novel polymer surfactants. Copolymers of acrylamide (AM) and dimethyldodecylallylammonium chloride(DDAAC) have been prepared in aqueous solution with different radical initiators and composition of reaction mixture. Molecular weight and cationic degree of copolymer has some relationships with its intrinsic viscosity and surface tension. The result shows that polymer surfactants have high surface activity and high viscosity.Above all, this thesis has studied some novel surfactants and the relationship between their structure and function .The study provided a new idea and synthesis method for cheap and high efficiency oil displacement agent.