Fermentation Production Of Coenzyme Q₁₀ By Bullera Pseudoalba

Coenzyme Q10 is the only CoQ homolog found in human organs. CoQ is located between flavoprotein and cytochrome b and play an important role as a member in the respiratory chain. Coenzyme Q10 exhibited excellent medical and physiological activities against various diseases such as heart diseases, cancer. Microorganisms are good sources of CoQ homologs. In this paper, we studied the production and the extraction procedure of CoQ10 from Bullera pseudoalba. We increased CoQ10 productivity by mutation and the fermentation conditions.The mutational treatment with ultraviolet was carried out. A p-hydroxybenzoic acid-resistant mutant derived from Bullera pseudoalba promroted increased production of Coenzyme Q10 (16% higher than the parent). The components of the fermentation medium were optimized. The optimum medium consisted of glucose 1%, yeast extract 0.5%, peptone 0.5%, K2HPO4 0.05%,KH2PO4 0.05%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.03%, and the optimum cultivation time is 72 hours. Intermittent feeding of glucose to the culture medium during cultivation increased Coenzyme Q10 production. When total glucose added was 2 times that of basal medium, Coenzyme Q10 increased about 3 times, reach 7.44mg/L. The addition of substances such as soybean oil, carrot extract, tomato extract, wastes of tobacco and citrus molasses to growth medium was shown to strengthen the formation of Coenzyme Q10. Some of these substances act as precursors of Coenzyme Q10 and Beta-Carotene, and others such as wastes of tobacco and Beta-Carotene act as inhibitors of Beta-Carotene; they all can strengthen the formation of Coenzyme Q10. Tight relationship between the biosynthesis of Coenzyme Q10 and Beta-Carotene has been detected.The effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) on Coenzyme Q10 production by Bullera Pseuddalba was described in this paper. As a precursor of Coenzyme Q10, addition of p-hydroxybenzoic acid to growth medium was shown to enhance Coenzyme Q10 productivity but decreased cell yield. After 24 hours fermentation, we added 0.1% p-hydroxybenzoic acid every 6 hours to the growth medium with an initial 0.2% p-hydroxybenzoic acid concentration. Coenzyme Q10 production increased about 44% after 72 hours fermentation.Extraction methods were investigated in this paper. The optimum method is that the cells was saponified in the presence of alcoholic alkali and pyrogallol, then extracted with a solvent. The optimum temperature and time of saponification is 90℃ and 60min. Adding the extraction solvent before saponification increased the extraction of Coenzyme Q10 about 70%. We study the light stability of Coenzyme Q10. The decomposers of Coenzyme Q10 have three apexes in HPLC. The reaction dynamics of the decompose is first order dynamics, instability constant and half life of Coenzyme Q10 respectively is 0.002h-1 and 346 hours.