Experiment Research On Key Technology Of Laser Cutting Technology

Laser cutting has been found widely using in the manufacturing industry because of its many advantages, such as the wide-range cutting scale, high cutting speed, narrow cutting kerf, small Heat-Affected zones, and flexible cutting process and so on. And laser cutting is one of the most consummate technologies. But recently in the wake of the application of the different material to the new field, and in order to meet the needs of the micro-manufacture, enhance the cutting quality and reduce the cost, the regard technical study in a deep going way of the laser cutting must be going on.First of all the mechanism of laser cutting and its domestic and external developing present are reported, the law of the interaction between laser and material is analyzed, the significance of the selected topic is discussed, the test conditions and ways are illustrated in this thesis.Then based on the theoretical analysis, the experiment research of laser cutting Al alloy is carried out, the disposition of incising technologies is investigated, such as confirming the perforate point, arranging assist incising route reasonably, setting up the radius compensation of laser beam and optimize the NC program etc., and the effect of the processing parameters (including laser power, cutting speed, kinds of the assist gas and its pressure et al.) on the cutting quality is discussed in detail. A new contrasting distinguishing method for evaluating the kerf surface quality is raised. According to the experiment result, using the optimal processing parameters (using compressed air as assist gas, pressure: 0.5Mpa, laser power: 100W, cutting speed: 100mm/min, or using N₂ as assist gas, pressure: 0.6Mpa, laser power: 100W, cutting speed: 60mm/min, the focal length of lens: 80mm, diameter of the laser beam after focusing: 0.2mm) the slots on the Al alloy board are machined and approving finished product is achieved. The dimensions accuracy can be completely controlled within the error scope(± 10μm), and the productivity can be effectively improved.Meanwhile in view of tube's design feature, the curve on the tube can not be machined very well by using conventional processing method. Therefore, the laser three-dimensional cutting is investigated, and that the laser cuts the simple or complex curves on the stainless steel tube is examined. The basic law of laser cutting tube is achieved. Moreover the test study of the laser three-dimensional cutting ceramics is carried out, and several problems are found during the manufacturing procedure, some necessary measures are adopted.Finally, a summary of the whole thesis work is made, and the developing foreground ofthe laser cutting technology is forecasted.