Synthesis Of Metal Chalcogenide Nanomaterials From Solvothermal Technique And Studies Of Their Properties

Science and technique of nanometer materials have been interested in the important potential applications, such as electricity, optics, chemistry industry, ceramic, medicine and so on. In this paper, metal Chalcogenide nano-meter materials were synthesized from organic solvothermal technique and their photo-properties were studied. In the first chapter, a comprehensive and concrete summary was given to the basic concepts, developing history, structure and special properties, structure characterizations and applications of the nanometer materials. Chemical synthesis methods for a variety of important one-dimensional inorganic nano-materials are reviewed, and classified to vapor-growth, solution-growth and solid-growth processes. According to different conditions of reaction and growth, they can be subdivided into eleven kinds in detail. The characteristics of eleven different methods are emphasized, and some typical examples are illustrated. The future development of chemical synthesis and their possible applications are also discussed. Recent reports of hydrothermal or solvothermal procedures are reviewed, which concerns the synthesis of Metal Oxide and Chalcogenide nanoparticles and control of particle size, size distribution .morphology as well as formation mechanism.In the second chapter, the precursors Zn₂(OH)₂CO₃ was synthesized involving hydrolysis. Zn(en)2S and Zn(en)3Se (en=ethylenediamine) were prepared via a solvothermal process from elemental sulfur(selenium) and zinc using ethylenediamine as a solvent. Detailed characterizations of thermogravimetric analysis (TG), infrared absorbance spectroscopy (IR) confirmed en coordinated with Zn²⁺ to form a complex cation. Phase-pure hexagonal wurtzite. nanomaterials ZnE(E=O,S,Se) products were obtained by annealing the corresponding precursors in nitrogen stream at a definite temperature.The morphological properties were also characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) , electron diffraction analysis (ED) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particles ZnO showed a nanosize about 30 nm, and nanorods ZnS and ZnSe displayed a diameter about 60 nm. The ZnE nano-materials as-prepared were doped onto the indium-tin oxide glass (ITO) by dipping progress, and the nano-particles/ITO composite films were acquired. The fluorescence spectra were also studied.